hTERT的表达调控机制及对细胞生物学行为的影响  

Theregulatory mechanism of hTERT and its effect on cell biological behaviors

作　　者：张小利 谢佩佩 张开泰 ZHANG Xiaoli;XIE Peipei;ZHANG Kaitai(National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]国家癌症中心/国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心/中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院,北京100021

出　　处：《肿瘤》2022年第5期367-376,共10页Tumor

摘　　要：人端粒酶反转录酶(human telomerase reverse transcriptase,hTERT)是端粒酶的限速成分,对端粒酶的活性发挥至关重要的作用。hTERT的表达调控涉及转录(转录因子、启动子突变、单等位基因表达、染色体重排与基因重组以及表观遗传学修饰)、转录后(选择性剪切和非编码RNA)以及翻译后(磷酸化和泛素化)等多个环节。同时,hTERT可以改变多种细胞生物学行为,包括延长端粒、参与DNA损伤修复、抗细胞凋亡、细胞周期调节、细胞干性化、细胞增殖、血管生长以及肿瘤侵袭和转移等,进而影响肿瘤的发生和发展。本文对hTERT的表达调控机制及对细胞生物学行为影响的最新进展进行综述。Human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTERT)is the rate-limiting component of telomerase,which plays an important role in telomerase activity.The regulatory mechanism of hTERT is highly complicated and consists of transcriptional(transcription factor,promoter mutation,single allele expression,chromosome rearrangement and gene recombination,and epigenetics),post-transcriptional(selective shearing and non-coding RNA),and post-translational(phosphorylation and ubiquitination)levels.In addition,aberrant expression of hTERT is closely associated with various cell biological behaviors,including lengthening telomeres,DNA damage repair,anti-apoptosis,cell cycle regulation,cell dryness,cell proliferation,angiogenesis and tumor invasion,and metastasis,thus affecting the occurrence and development of tumors.This review summarizes the recent progress in the regulation mechanism of hTERT expression and its influence on cell biological behaviors.

关 键 词：人端粒酶反转录酶 表达调控 细胞生物学行为 

分 类 号：R329.2[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]