窦建德反隋斗争再认识  

Recognition of Dou Jiande’s Struggle against the Sui Dynasty

作　　者：向伊君 XIANG Yijun

机构地区：[1]扬州大学社会发展学院

出　　处：《中华历史与传统文化论丛》2022年第1期63-76,共14页

摘　　要：窦建德所领导的反隋斗争,是隋末吏民大起义的一个组成部分。窦建德领导的反隋斗争是在繁重赋税徭役和连年天灾的情势下发生的,隋朝皇权对吏民的过度压迫和征敛是造成窦建德反隋斗争发生的根本原因。窦建德反隋斗争的领导者、参加者,既有下层普通吏民,也有原属隋朝官府的官吏,但编户齐民为主要力量。窦建德反隋斗争前期,其斗争矛头对准代表皇权统治的地方官吏,目标为推翻隋朝的皇权统治,因此反隋斗争的根本性质为吏民起义;随着形势发展和起义队伍的不断扩大,特别是当反抗队伍的领导层出现皇权地主,甚至窦建德的身份也开始向皇权地主转化以后,窦建德反隋斗争的性质也发生了根本性的变化——由此前的吏民起义转化为武装割据势力,其政治目标也变成了试图借助吏民反抗的力量,以建立自己的皇权统治。因此,将窦建德领导的反隋斗争简单地定性“农民起义”并不符合历史事实。The anti-Sui struggle led by Dou Jiande was an integral part of the great uprising of official-civilians at the end of the Sui Dynasty.The anti-Sui struggle led by Dou Jiande occurred under the situation of heavy taxation,corvee labor and natural disasters for years.The excessive oppression and taxation of official-civilians by the imperial power of the Sui Dynasty were the fundamental reasons for the anti-Sui struggle.The leaders and participants of Dou Jiande’s anti-Sui struggle included both lower-level ordinary officials and people and officials originally of the Sui Dynasty,but the main force was household registers.In the early stage of Dou Jiande’s anti-Sui struggle,with the aim of it being to overthrow the imperial rule of the Sui Dynasty with local offcials as representatives,the nature of it was an uprising of official-civilians.With the development of the situation and the growing ranks of the uprising,especially when there appeared imperial landlords in the leadership and when Dou Jiande himself transferred to an imperial landlord,the nature of Dou Jiande’s anti-Sui struggle changed from a civil uprising to establishing an armed independent regime with himself as the new emperor.Therefore,simply defining the anti-Sui struggle led by Dou Jiande as a peasant uprising is inaccurate.

关 键 词：窦建德 皇权 吏民 社会矛盾 性质 

分 类 号：B032[哲学宗教—哲学理论] K241[历史地理—历史学] D691[历史地理—中国史]