贝类养殖区CO_(2)释放量化新模型的应用研究  

Study on the applications of a new model for quantifying CO_(2) emission in shellfish culture areas

作　　者：蒋鑫坤 李丽[1,2] 董双林 JIANG Xinkun;LI Li;DONG Shuanglin(Key Laboratory of Mariculture,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266235,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学,教育部海水养殖重点实验室,山东青岛266003 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266235

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2022年第12期1693-1703,共11页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020MC194)

摘　　要：海水贝类钙化过程将产生CO_(2),但由于不同养殖海区碳酸盐体系组成差异大,需要在考虑海区碳酸盐体系变化特征的基础上更精确地量化该过程导致的CO_(2)释放量。本研究将各种生物地球化学过程中产生的CO_(2)源/汇效应强度定义为Φ,在钙化作用过程中,Φ_(cal)值可表示特定海区水文条件下,贝壳钙化作用实际释放到大气中的CO_(2)与该过程产生的CO_(2)的比率。应用新碳酸盐化学模型计算结果显示:Φ_(cal)值呈现季节变化特点,胶州湾、桑沟湾和深澳湾的Φ_(cal)值均为夏季最低;养殖海区内碳酸盐系统的区域性差异可改变Φ_(cal)值,胶州湾、桑沟湾和深澳湾的平均Φ_(cal)值分别为0.79,0.72和0.72;在贝类主要生长季节(3―7月),养殖海区的Φ_(cal)值呈现下降趋势,此外,多项式拟合结果表明胶州湾海区该阶段Φ_(cal)值随温度的上升而降低。在温度高于18℃后,Φ_(cal)值下降的速度逐渐加快。Pearson相关分析表明,胶州湾内Φ_(cal)值与表层海水的CO_(2)分压相关性极显著(P<0.01)。最后,基于模型计算的胶州湾内Φ_(cal)值水平,按胶州湾菲律宾蛤仔年产量3.2×10^(5)t计,胶州湾养殖菲律宾蛤仔贝壳生长部分预计每年向大气中排放约1.084×10^(5)t CO_(2)。本研究初步证实Φ_(cal)可在考虑海区碳酸盐体系特征的基础上,更精确地量化贝类钙化作用导致的CO_(2)释放量,为后续的贝类的碳源/碳汇过程研究提供一定的参考。The process of calcification of shellfish produces CO_(2).However,there are large differences in carbonate system compositions among different aquaculture areas.Thus,more rigorous carbonate chemistry modeling,including concurrent changes in seawater carbonate systems,is needed to quantify the CO_(2)released into the atmosphere during calcification.In this study,the ratio between the CO_(2)emitted into the atmosphere during various biogeochemical processes and the CO_(2)produced by these processes is defined asΦ.Therefore,in the calcification process,theΦ_(cal)value represents the amount of CO_(2)emitted from the seawater to the atmosphere when 1 mol of CaCO3is formed during shell growth.Results showed thatΦ_(cal)value varied among seasons.TheΦ_(cal)value was lowest during summer in Jiaozhou Bay,Sanggou Bay,and Shenao Bay.Regional differences in the carbonate system in the aquaculture sea area could change theΦ_(cal)value.In Jiaozhou Bay,0.79 mol CO_(2)was released into the atmosphere for every 1 mol CaCO_(3)deposited during shell growth.In Sanggou Bay and Shenao Bay,this value was 0.72.In Jiaozhou Bay,theΦ_(cal)value decreased in the shellfish’s main growing season(from March to July).The result of polynomial fitting further suggested that theΦ_(cal)value decreased with the temperature rise during this season.TheΦ_(cal)value decreased faster when the water temperature exceeded 18℃.Finally,the annual production of 3.2×10^(5)tons of Philippine clams in Jiaozhou Bay was expected to emit about 1.084×10^(5)tons of CO_(2)into the atmosphere due to shell growth.This study preliminarily confirmed thatΦ_(cal),including concurrent changes in the seawater carbonate system in the aquaculture area,could better quantify the CO_(2)release caused by shellfish calcification.This study could provide some references for future studies on the topic of the carbon source/sink process of shellfish.

关 键 词：胶州湾 贝类养殖 钙化作用 碳酸盐体系 碳源 碳汇 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]