面向实质正义的后果导向裁判方法  

Consequence-oriented Judgment Method Facing Substantive Justice

作　　者：刘现珍 Liu Xianzhen(Law School of East China Normal University)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学法学院

出　　处：《国家检察官学院学报》2024年第6期116-130,共15页Journal of National Prosecutors College

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“当代中国国家治理中的规范协同问题研究”(19ZDA155)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：后果导向裁判方法把对裁判后果的考量置于裁判依据的选择之前,有利于提高裁判结论的正当性和可接受性,为实现形式正义与实质正义的平衡提供了方法指引。但该裁判方法在实践中常常面临法官对可欲后果的界定不一致、可欲后果的评判依据复杂多元、法官对后果的考量相对隐蔽等困境。造成这些困境的原因是其规范化建构程度不足,缺乏成熟的理论体系和可操作的方法论体系。司法裁判中的可欲后果应界定为裁决的逻辑后果,其评价标准应符合论证的相关性、解释的融贯性、裁判结果的实质正义性和适用的普遍性的要求。基于后果评价进行裁判需借助具体的法律解释方法才能得以展开,其操作路径可概括为:在基于法感预判裁判结论的基础上,根据预判结论选择裁判依据,最后对裁判依据进行外部证成。面向实质正义的后果导向裁判方法必须在既定法律框架内运作,与依法裁判的基本立场保持内在一致。Consequence-oriented judgment method puts the consideration of judicial consequences before the choice of judgment basis,which is conducive to improving the legitimacy and acceptability of judicial conclusions,and provides a method guide for realizing the balance between formal justice and substantive justice.However,in practice,this judgment method often faces problems,such as the judge’s inconsistent definition of desirable consequence,the complex and multiple judging basis of desirable consequence,and the relative concealment of the judge’s consideration of consequences.The reasons for these dilemmas are its insufficiency of standardization construction,lack of mature theoretical system and operational methodology system.The desirable consequence in judicial judgment should be defined as the logical consequence of the judgment,and its evaluation criteria should meet the requirements of relevance of argument,consistency of interpretation,the substantial justice of the judgment result and the universality of application.Judgment based on consequence evaluation can only be carried out with the help of specific legal interpretation methods,and the operation path can be summarized as follows:on the basis of prejudging the judgment conclusion based on legal sense,the judgment basis is selected according to the prejudging conclusion,and finally the judgment basis is verified externally.Consequence-oriented judgment method facing substantive justice must operate within the established legal framework and keep the internal consistency with the basic stance of judging according to law.

关 键 词：后果导向 实质正义 可欲后果 可接受性 法律解释 

分 类 号：D926.2[政治法律—法学]