中学生体检与健康调查探索及研究  

Investigation and Research on Physical Examination and Health Survey of Middle School Students

作　　者：谢成瑶 张新艳 孙克红 XIE Chengyao;SUN Kehong;ZHANG Xinyan(Health Management Physical Examination Center,Karamay City People's Hospital,Karamay,Xinjiang,834000)

机构地区：[1]克拉玛依市人民医院健康管理体检中心,新疆克拉玛依834000

出　　处：《智慧健康》2022年第6期136-138,共3页Smart Healthcare

摘　　要：目的了解克拉玛依市中学生生长发育、健康和生活方式情况,探索体检中健康促进效果。方法对本地区2813名中学生开展健康体检、健康促进和生活方式调查分析。结果中学生普遍存在着视力低下、龋齿、超重与肥胖、血红蛋白低下等健康问题,生活方式中普遍存在:经常不吃或偶尔吃早餐、不喝牛奶,不喜欢吃蔬菜睡眠时间少、使用手机时间过长等不良现象,其中:视力低下(视力<5.0)的中学生占78.5%,其中重度视力低下(视力<4.5)的学生占35.4%;龋齿的检出率为8.1%,超重学生为16.6%;肥胖学生人数占8.2%,高于全国中学生肥胖发生率(全国中学生肥胖发生率为8.1%);血红蛋白低下的检出率为4.41%。视力不良、重度视力不良与看手机的时间和写作业时间过长有关,统计学有差异(P<0.05),龋齿患病率与爱吃甜食的生活方式有关,统计学有差异(P=0.001<0.05),与喝饮料多少无关(P=0.97>0.05)。结论体检中开展的健康促进活动,使学生掌握健康生活方式,为学生建立良好健康的生活习惯打下基础,是普及全民健康生活方式的一项有力措施,值得在今后学生体检中推广应用。Objective To understand growth and development,health and lifestyle of middle school students in Karamay,and explore effect of health promotion in physical examination.Methods The paper investigated and analyzed 2813 middle school students in terms of physical examination,health promotion and lifestyle.Results Middle school students generally had health problems of low vision,dental caries,overweight and obesity,low hemoglobin.There were common adverse phenomena in lifestyle:not eating breakfast often or occasionally,not drinking milk,not liking vegetables,sleeping less,using mobile phones too long.Among them,78.5%of middle school students had low vision(vision<5.0),35.4%with severe low vision(vision<4.5);detection rate of dental caries was 8.1%,overweight students accouted for 16.6%;number of obese students accounted for 8.2%,higher than incidence of obesity among middle school students in China(incidence of obesity among middle school students in China was 8.1%).Detection rate of low hemoglobin was 4.41%.poor vision and severe poor vision were related to long time of using mobile phones and writing homework,with statistical difference(P<0.05).Prevalence of dental caries was related to lifestyle of eating sweets,with statistical difference(P=0.001)(P<0.05),with no relationship of amount of drinks,P=0.97(P>0.05).Conclusion Health promotion activities carried out in physical examination can enable students to master healthy lifestyle and lay foundation for them to establish good and healthy living habits,which is powerful measure to popularize healthy lifestyle of people,and worthy of promotion and application in physical examination of students in future.

关 键 词：学生健康体检 生活方式 发病率 分析 健康促进 

分 类 号：R194.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] G804.49[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]