论法律援助制度的中国特色  

On the Legal Aid System with Chinese Characteristics

作　　者：冀祥德[1] JI Xiangde

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院法学研究所,北京100009

出　　处：《政治与法律》2022年第6期143-159,共17页Political Science and Law

摘　　要：法律援助制度是一个国家司法制度“木桶最短的一块木板”。党的领导是中国特色法律援助制度最本质特征,以人民为中心是中国特色法律援助制度的构建宗旨,致力提升社会治理法治化水平是中国特色法律援助制度的重要功能,被追诉人权利保障和被害人权利保护是中国特色法律援助制度的二元价值共同追求,法律职业共同体构建模式在中国法律援助制度中首先得到体现。以这些要素为主要标志的中国法律特色法律援助制度,随着我国《法律援助法》2022年1月1日施行,已经初步形成。未来,应当以用中国制度解决中国问题的思路,以法律援助量的扩大为基础,以质的提升为核心,按照刑事诉讼原理调适委托辩护与法律援助辩护关系,在重构值班律师制度基础上,建立法律职业共同体参加的法律援助综合机构,并通过设置法律援助程序性违法的法律后果,使得中国特色法律援助制度更好地助力于让人民群众都感受到法律公平正义法治目标的实现。The legal aid system is the"shortest piece of wood in a barrel"of the judicial system of a country.The Party’s leadership is its essential feature,regarding the people as the center its construction purpose,making efforts to improve the legalization level of social governance its important function,and the guaranty of rights of the accused and the protection of rights of victims its common pursuit of dual values.The mode of constructing the community of legal professionals has been first reflected in the legal aid system in China.With these elements as its main signs,the legal aid system with Chinese characteristics has been initially established with the implementation of Legal Aid Law of China on January 1,2022.In the future,the idea of solving China’s problems with China’s system should be adopted,on basis of increasing the number of legal aid cases,by taking the improvement of quality as the core,to adjust the relationship between retain-based defense and legal-aid-based defense according to the principles of criminal procedure,establish a comprehensive legal aid organ participated by community of legal professionals on the basis of reconstructing the system on the duty lawyer,and make he legal aid system with Chinese characteristics better help the people sense the realization of the goal of rule of law that the law is fair and just by setting up legal consequences for procedural illegality in the legal aid.

关 键 词：法律援助法 法律援助制度 中国特色 未来发展 

分 类 号：D926.5[政治法律—法学]