论算法排他权:破除算法偏见的路径选择  

On the Exclusive Right of Algorithm: A New Choice for Correcting Algorithmic Bias

作　　者：梁志文[1] Liang Zhiwen

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《政治与法律》2020年第8期94-106,共13页Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金“创新驱动发展战略下知识产权公共领域问题研究”(项目编号:17ZDA139)研究成果

摘　　要：算法属于计算技术和人工智能的核心技术。伴随着算法日益介入人类社会生活,被算法不透明(即算法黑箱)所遮蔽的算法偏见问题日趋严重,特别是在算法被应用于公权力行使的场合,它加剧了社会不平等、侵害个人权利等问题。现有的解决方案是构建算法透明度与算法可解释规则,但它难以完美地解决算法偏见的问题,还侵害了算法开发者的商业秘密。为了增加算法的透明度,可借鉴保护药品数据的管制性排他权制度,以算法公开(保存源代码)为对价赋予算法开发者一定期限内的市场排他权。将管制性排他权模式移植至算法保护,其基本规制目的是克服对算法监督的困难。算法排他权不会排斥算法受其他知识产权的保护。Algorithm is the core technology of computing technology and artificial intelligence. With the increasing involvement of algorithm in the social life of human beings,algorithmic bias covered by the opacity of algorithm( i.e. algorithm black-box) is growing serious,especially when it is applied to exercise of public power,problems such as social inequality and individual right infringement are exacerbated. The existing solution is to establish rules on algorithm transparency and explainable algorithm,but it does not only fail to solve the problem of algorithm bias,but also infringes upon the trade secrets of algorithm developers.In order to enhance the algorithm transparency,reference could be made to the regulatory system on exclusive right for drug data protection,that is to say,the algorithm developers are endowed with market exclusive right in a certain period in consideration of algorithm disclosure( source code saved). The basic purpose of such regulation by transplanting the mode of regulatory exclusive right into the algorithm protection is to overcome the difficulties in algorithm supervision. The exclusive right of algorithm is not incompatible with the algorithm protection by other intellectual property rights.

关 键 词：算法排他权 算法规制 算法偏见 算法透明度 商业秘密 

分 类 号：DF529[政治法律—民商法学]