天津市戒烟门诊患者3个月戒烟效果评价及影响因素分析  

Effect of smoking cessation in the third month and its influencing factors among outpatientsof smoking cessation clinic in Tianjin

作　　者：杨胜慧 陈晨 安广节 赵玺 钟誉 YANG Sheng-hui;CHEN Chen;AN Guang-jie;ZHAO Xi;ZHONG Yu(Tianjin Health Promotion Center,Tianjin 300011,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市卫生健康促进中心,天津300011

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2022年第12期1091-1095,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：中央补助地方健康素养促进行动项目

摘　　要：目的了解天津市戒烟门诊就诊患者特征、烟草使用情况,以及1个月、3个月随访时点戒烟情况,探索吸烟者成功戒烟的影响因素,以指导戒烟门诊的建设及戒烟服务的提供。方法选取2020—2021年在天津市3家戒烟门诊主动就诊,并接受1个月、3个月随访的686例吸烟者作为研究对象。戒烟医生对就诊患者进行戒烟干预并填写调查问卷。采用SPSS 19.0软件进行χ^(2)检验、Wilcoxon配对秩和检验、多因素Logistic回归分析。结果686例就诊患者中男性占86.9%,年龄中位数为53岁,烟龄的中位数为30年,日均吸烟量的中位数为20支,尼古丁依赖评分的中位数为4分。1个月、3个月的时点戒烟率分别为39.7%、45.2%,3个月的时点戒烟率高于1个月的时点戒烟率,差异具有统计学意义(Z=3.878,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,烟龄在10年以上,其中10~<20年(OR=0.270,95%CI:0.127~0.574)、20~<30年(OR=0.430,95%CI:0.186~0.996)、≥30年(OR=0.361,95%CI:0.147~0.886);每日吸烟量在20支以上,其中20~<40支(OR=0.365,95%CI:0.230~0.580)、≥40支(OR=0.140,95%CI:0.061~0.320)的人群戒烟效果更差;准备30 d内戒烟(OR=7.683,95%CI:3.676~16.057);在C医院就诊(OR=4.577,95%CI:2.858~7.330)的人群戒烟效果更好,均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论天津市戒烟门诊戒烟干预有效,建议继续加大戒烟门诊的院内院外宣传,不断优化戒烟门诊诊疗服务,做好就诊者的随访工作,巩固戒烟效果,提高戒烟率。Objective To investigate the characteristics and its influencing factors of outpatientsin tobacco use,smoking cessation rate at the first month and the third month after the first visit at smoking cessation clinics in Tianjin,and to guide the construction of smoking cessation clinics and the provision of smoking cessation services.Methods The study included 686 smokers who attended three smoking cessation clinics in 2021 and were followed up for the first month and the third month.The smoking cessation doctors intervened the patients and filled in the questionnaire.SPSS 19.0 software was used forχ^(2)test,Wilcoxon paired test and multiple logistic regression analysis.Results Among 686 patients,86.9%of them were males,the median age was 53,the median smoking years was 30 years,the median number of cigarettes smoked per day was 20 cigarettes,and the median nicotine dependence score was 4 points.The rate of quitting smoking at the first month and the third month were 39.7%and 45.2%,respectively.The rate of quitting smoking at the third month was higher than that at the first month,the difference was statistically significant(Z=3.878,P<0.05).The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that those who smoked for more than 10 years(including 10-<20 years(OR=0.270,95%CI:0.127-0.574),20-<30 years(OR=0.430,95%CI:0.186-0.996),≥30 years(OR=0.361,95%CI:0.147-0.886)),those who smoked 20-<40 cigarettes(OR=0.365,95%CI:0.230-0.580)or≥40 cigarettes(OR=0.140,95%CI:0.061-0.320)had worse smoking cessation effect.Those who were prepared to give up smoking within 30 days(OR=7.683,95%CI:3.676-16.057),treated in hospital C(OR=4.577,95%CI:2.858-7.330)had better effect,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Smoking cessation clinics have better effective in Tianjin.It is suggested to strengthen the publicity of smoking cessation clinics,continuously optimize the services of smoking cessation clinics for increasing the rate of smoking cessation.

关 键 词：戒烟门诊 戒烟率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]