三级医院老年住院患者皮肤干燥症的发生现状与影响因素分析  

Analysis of Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Xerosis in Elderly Inpatients in Tertiary Hospitals

作　　者：李红燕 翁亚娟[2] 钱惠玉[1] 宋霞[3] LI Hongyan;WENG Yajuan;QIAN Huiyu;SONG Xia(Gastrointestinal Surgery,the First People′s Hospital of Changzhou,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,Changzhou 213003,China;Department of Nursing,the First People′s Hospital of Changzhou,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,Changzhou 213003,China;Wound Care Center,the First People′s Hospital of Changzhou,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,Changzhou 213003,China)

机构地区：[1]常州市第一人民医院(苏州大学附属第三医院)胃肠外科,江苏常州213003 [2]常州市第一人民医院(苏州大学附属第三医院)护理部,江苏常州213003 [3]常州市第一人民医院(苏州大学附属第三医院)伤口护理中心,江苏常州213003

出　　处：《中国皮肤性病学杂志》2022年第11期1265-1270,共6页The Chinese Journal of Dermatovenereology

基　　金：上海王正国院士创伤医学发展基金会课题(WZGF20200101);常州市卫健委重大科技项目(ZD202110);常州市第一人民医院护理专项预研基金(yy2020010)

摘　　要：目的 调查老年住院患者皮肤干燥症的发生情况,分析其影响因素,为进一步预防老年住院患者皮肤干燥症的发生提供科学依据。方法 研究采取横断面调查法,对常州市第一人民医院2021年5月27日所有老年住院患者进行皮肤状况调查,将参与调查的42名护士分为21组,每组由2名护士采用一般资料调查表及干燥度整体评分法(ODS)在床旁对患者的上肢、躯干及下肢皮肤情况进行调查。结果 研究共调查1 009例老年住院患者,老年住院患者皮肤干燥症的现患率为43.90%。多因素Logistic逐步回归分析结果显示,完全自理(OR=0.602)是老年住院患者皮肤干燥症发生的独立保护因素,经鼻饲补充营养(OR=1.765)、肠外营养(OR=1.878)、自身免疫病(OR=5.932)、肾脏疾病(OR=2.758)、肺部疾病(OR=2.084)、脑血管疾病(OR=1.534)、心血管疾病(OR=1.307)是独立危险因素。结论 老年住院患者皮肤干燥症患病率较高,且涉及多种危险性因素,应通过全面评估危险因素,尽早采取预防性措施,降低皮肤干燥症的发生,进一步促进老年住院患者的皮肤健康。Objective To investigate the incidence of xerosis in elderly inpatients and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide scientific basis for further prevention of xerosis in elderly inpatients.Methods The cross-sectional survey method was used to investigate the skin conditions of all elderly inpatients in the First People′s Hospital of Changzhou on May 27, 2021. The 42 nurses who participated in this survey were divided into 21 groups, and two nurses in each group investigated the skin conditions of patients′ upper limbs, trunk and lower limbs at the bedside by using general information questionnaire and overall dryness score(ODS).Results The study investigated a total of 1 009 elderly inpatients, and the prevalence rate of xerosis in elderly patients was 43.90%. The results of multivariate Logistic stepwise regression analysis showed that complete self-care(OR=0.602) was an independent protective factor for the occurrence of xeroderma in elderly inpatients. Nasal feeding(OR=1.765), parenteral nutrition(OR=1.878), autoimmune disease(OR=5.932), kidney disease(OR=2.758), lung disease(OR=2.084), and cerebrovascular disease(OR=1.534),cardiovascular disease(OR=1.307) were independent risk factors.Conclusion The prevalence of xerosis in elderly inpatients is high and involves a variety of risk factors. Preventive measures should be taken as soon as possible through comprehensive evaluation of risk factors to reduce the occurrence of xerosis and further promote the skin health of elderly inpatients.

关 键 词：老年住院患者 皮肤干燥症 横断面调查 现患率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R593.2[医药卫生—内科学]