云南省三地12~17岁城市儿童忽视现状调查  

Investigation on neglect of urban children aged 12-17 at three regions in Yunnan Province

作　　者：韩芳 邓睿 李航[3] 申慧杰 张紫嫣 王琦 李润湘 焦锋 HAN Fang;DENG Rui;LI Hang;SHEN Hui Jie;ZHANG Zi Yan;WANG Qi;LI Run Xiang;JIAO Feng(Haiyuan College Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650106,Yunnan Province,China;School of Public Health,Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650500,Yunnan Province,China;The First Hospital of Kunming,Kunming 650000,Yunnan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学海源学院,云南昆明650106 [2]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院,云南昆明650500 [3]昆明市第一人民医院,云南昆明650000

出　　处：《中国妇幼卫生杂志》2022年第6期18-23,共6页Chinese Journal of Women and Children Health

基　　金：昆明医科大学海源学院2020年度院级质量工程项目《基于医学统计学“医学信息工作坊”时间教学的研究和改革》(YZ2020JG004Z)

摘　　要：目的 了解云南省三地区城市儿童忽视的发生现状,为制定科学干预措施提供依据。方法 采用中国城市儿童忽视评价常模量表,通过多阶段、分层、整群抽样的方法,对云南省三地区1 154名12~17岁中学生(其中流动儿童962名,非流动儿童192名)的忽视率与忽视度进行调查。结果 被调查的1 154名中学生总体忽视率为40.9%,其中流动儿童忽视率为40.8%,非流动儿童忽视率为41.3%,差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);初中生忽视率(28.8%)低于高中生(55.3%)(χ^(2)=61.332,P <0.05)、男生忽视率(46.7%)高于女生(36.6%)(χ^(2)=8.803,P <0.05)、汉族学生忽视率(47.8%)高于少数民族学生(33.7%)(χ^(2)=17.503,P <0.05);与全国农村和全国城市平均忽视度比较,本研究初中[(47.64±8.21)分]与高中[(50.94±7.77)分]流动儿童的忽视度均处于中国农村与中国城市之间。结论 流动儿童和非流动儿童受忽视状况无明显差异,提示流动儿童的家庭教育模式正在发生转变,但针对流动儿童的社会融合和适应问题应持续关注;应更加关注高中生与男生的被忽视情况;汉族学生忽视度高于少数民族,提示民族教育值得借鉴,学校与家庭教育应因地制宜,注重亲子参与。Objective To investigate the current situation of child neglect among middle school students at three regions in Yunnan Province,so as to provide evidence for formulating scientific intervention measures.Methods A total of 1154 middle school students(962 migrant children and 192 non-migrant children)aged 12 to 17 at three regions in Yunnan Province were recruited as study subjects by multistage,stratified and cluster sampling.The Chinese urban children's neglect evaluation norm table was used to investigate the current situation of child neglect.Results The overall rate of child neglect among 1154 middle school students was 40.9%.The rates of migrant children and non-migrant children were 40.8%and 41.3%,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The rate of child neglect among junior high school students(28.8%)was lower than that among senior high school students(55.3%)(χ^(2)=61.332,P<0.05),while rates among boys(46.7%)and Han students(47.8%)were higher than those among girls(36.6%)(χ^(2)=8.803,P<0.05)and minority students(33.7%)(χ^(2)=17.503,P<0.05).Compared with the situation of rural and urban areas in China,the degree of child neglect among migrant children in junior high school(47.64±8.21)and senior high school(50.94±7.77)were in between.Conclusion The situation of child neglect between migrant and non-migrant children are not different,which suggests that the migrant family education mode is changing.But the issue of social integration and adaptation among migrant children should be concerned continuously.Neglect among high school students and boys should be paid more attention to.The degree of neglect among Han students is higher than that among ethnic minorities,which suggests that national education is worth to be borrowed.School and family education should adapt to local conditions and focus on parent-child participation.

关 键 词：儿童忽视 中学生 城市流动儿童 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]