应急征用制度的反思与完善:基于新冠肺炎疫情的思考  

Reflection and Improvement of Emergency Requisition System under COVID-19

作　　者：金成波[1] 郭晓丽 Jing Chengbo;Guo Xiaoli

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)政治和法律教研部 [2]中国政法大学药品监管法治研究中心

出　　处：《中国应急管理科学》2022年第5期67-76,共10页Journal of China Emergency Management Science

摘　　要：为有效应对突发事件,政府往往需要采取一些有别于正常状态的规制措施,集中力量以快速消除危机、维护秩序。征用作为弥补政府储备不足的重要应急措施,成为政府满足应急需求的主要来源之一。在新冠肺炎疫情的大背景下,我国的应急征用制度暴露出不少问题,应该从实践目的、规范限定、价值要求三个层面探寻应急征用权源上的正当性以及运作的限度,从权力运作与权利保障两个方面剖析与反思问题的根源,进而通过遵循比例原则之前提约束、设定实体与程序之运作端点、恪守人权保障之制度底线等几个方面,从决策、运作、保障等不同阶段对应急征用制度予以完善。In order to effectively respond to emergencies,the government often needs to adopt some regulatory measures that are different from the normal state,and concentrate its efforts to quickly eliminate the crisis and maintain order.Requisition,as an important emergency measure to make up for the shortage of government reserves,has become one of the main sources for the government to meet emergency needs.In the context of the prevention and control of COVID-19,China’s emergency requisition system has exposed many problems.It should further explore the legitimacy and operational limits of emergency requisition from the three levels of practical purpose,standardization and value requirements.It is important to analyze and reflect on the root of the problem from the two aspects of power operation and rights protection,and then put forward constraints by following the principle of proportionality,setting the operational endpoints of entities and procedures,and abide by the bottom line of the system of human rights protection,meanwhile,improve the emergency requisition system from different stages,such as decision-making.operation and guarantee.

关 键 词：新冠肺炎疫情 应急征用 突发事件 比例原则 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学] D922.1[政治法律—中外政治制度]