南疆于田绿洲水资源系统演变的生态网络分析  

Ecological Network Analysis of Water Resources System Evolution in Yutian Oasis of Southern Xinjiang

作　　者：普拉提·莫合塔尔 祖拜代·木依布拉[2,3] 倪明霞 夏建新 MUHTAR Polat;MUYIBUL Zubaida;NI Mingxia;XIA Jianxin(College of Life and Environmental Science,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081;College of Tourism,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830049,China;Key Laboratory of the Sustainable Development of Xinjiang’s Historical and Cultural Tourism,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学生命与环境科学学院,北京100081 [2]新疆大学旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830049 [3]新疆大学文化与旅游可持续发展重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2022年第5期1138-1151,共14页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41961038,41661106,41461111)

摘　　要：对生态网络分析法在非平衡系统问题上的局限性,引入内部存量节点,改进生态网络分析模型.选择南疆于田绿洲为典型案例,运用改进的模型,分别评估1995年、2005年和2015年绿洲水资源系统的整体性能,并结合当地实际4个情景,探讨优化水资源系统性能的途径.结果表明,(1)近20a来,水资源系统效率下降13.3%,而恢复力却增加20.5%,系统规模先扩大后趋于稳定,维持在43×10^(8)m^(3)左右;(2)系统稳健性接近1,效率和恢复力趋于平衡,但系统效率偏低,有进一步提升的空间;(3)系统内部储存的水量在调节系统性能中起重要作用,对系统效率和恢复力的贡献率分别增加106.6%和8倍;(4)减少地下水开采量、提高地表水使用效率、增加地下水补给量,能够显著提升系统性能,有助于绿洲水资源系统可持续发展.To solve the limitation of ecological network analysis in non-equilibrium systems,the ecological network analysis model was improved by adding internal stock nodes,resulting in new ideas and methods for the analysis of non-equilibrium systems.Yutian Oasis was selected as a typical case,and the improved ecological network analysis model was used to evaluate the overall performance of the oasis water resources system in 1995,2005,and 2015.Four scenarios based on local reality were discussed to improve the system performance.The results show that:(1)In the past 20 years,the system efficiency has decreased by 13.3%,while the resilience has increased by 20.5%.The system scale first expanded and then stabilized,maintaining a scale of 43×10^(8)m^(3).(2)The system fitness is close to one,which implies that the efficiency and resilience tend to be balanced;but the system efficiency is relatively low,and there is room for further improvement.(3)The water stored within the system plays an important role in regulating the system performance,and its contribution to system efficiency and resilience has respectively increased by 106.6%and 8 times.(4)Reducing the groundwater extraction,improving the water use efficiency,and increasing the groundwater replenishment can significantly improve system performance and promote the sustainable development of the oasis water resource system.

关 键 词：生态网络分析法 于田绿洲 水资源系统 效率 恢复力 演变 调控 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]