二维床面均匀沙双向位置特性的实验研究  

Experimental Study on the Bidirectional Position Characteristics of Two-dimensional Uniform Sediments

作　　者：张根广[1] 王愉乐 梁博惠 蒋涛 许晓阳 张子钰 ZHANG Genguang;WANG Yule;LIANG Bohui;JIANG Tao;XU Xiaoyang;ZHANG Ziyu(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;The Scientific Research Institute of the Water Conservancy of Ningxia,Yingchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]宁夏水利科学研究院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2020年第2期259-270,共12页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51879227,51279170)

摘　　要：在前人暴露度研究的基础上,提出了隐蔽角、相对突出度及双向隐暴度等概念,分析了二维床面上泥沙位置的分布规律.将2500颗等粒径玻璃球和1000颗粒径近似相等的河卵石分别随机投入玻璃窄槽中,尽可能使表层颗粒大致水平,模拟均匀沙随机分布特性.采用电显量角仪及电显游标卡尺分别测量了玻璃球隐蔽角、暴露角和卵石暴露度、突出度等参数.统计分析发现,玻璃球隐蔽角和暴露角概率密度均近似服从正态分布,且参数一致;相对暴露度及相对突出度概率密度分别呈正、负偏态趋势;河卵石相对突出度概率密度呈负偏态趋势,相对暴露度概率密度呈正态趋势;两种材料的双向隐暴度概率密度近似呈正态分布.Based on previous studies on exposure degree,the concepts of concealment angle,relative protrusion degree and bidirectional concealment-exposure degree were proposed to further analyze the distribution of sediment position on the two-dimensional bed.In order to simulate the random distribution of uniform sediments,2500 glass spheres with 12 mm in size and 1000 pebbles with approximately 12 mm in size in three directions were randomly placed into the narrow glass channel respectively and made the surface particles as horizontal as possible.Parameters such as concealment angle and exposure angle of glass sphere,exposure degree and protrusion degree of pebble were investigated by angle meter of electric display and vernier caliper of electric display respectively.The statistical analysis found that concealment angle and exposure angle of glass spheres obey normal distribution with same parameters,and relative exposure degree and relative protrusion degree of glass spheres are positive-skewed and negative-skewed respectively.In addition,relative exposure degree of pebbles obeys a normal distribution and relative protrusion degree of pebbles shows a negative skewness trend.Bidirectional concealment-exposure degree of both glass spheres and pebbles are subject to normal distribution approximately.

关 键 词：隐蔽角 暴露角 相对暴露度 相对突出度 双向隐暴露 概率密度函数 

分 类 号：TV142[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]