连锁性排斥:行政负担与获取公民身份——以阿根廷公民身份证为例  

A cascade of exclusion:administrative burdens and access to citizenship in the case of Argentina’s National Identity Document

作　　者：玛丽安娜·楚德诺夫斯基 里克·彼得斯 张欣欣(译) 孙彩红(审校) Mariana Chudnovsky;Rik Peeters;Zhang Xinxin(Centre for Research and Teaching in Economics(CIDE),Mexico;不详)

机构地区：[1]墨西哥国家经济研究与教学中心(CIDE) [2]中国人事科学研究院 [3]不详

出　　处：《国际行政科学评论（中文版）》2022年第4期163-183,共21页International Review of Administrative Sciences

摘　　要：行政负担会阻碍人们的社会、政治和经济参与。然而,大多数实证研究通常只是间接地分析它们如何影响公民身份的问题。本文探讨了获取阿根廷公民身份证的行政阻碍条件及其对一项关键社会福利政策——通用儿童津贴的影响。研究结果表明:(1)无法获取正式身份证件而被排除在行政之外,反倒“构建”起一个弱势目标群体,该群体被系统地排除在社会福利和公共服务之外;(2)身份登记和证件管理能力的局限性导致社会政策实施的复杂性,因为目标群体仍然“不受关注”。调查结果还表明将行政负担理解为一个系统性问题的重要性。行政负担体现在公民与国家互动的层面上,但其原因和后果与棘手的制度特征、管理能力和社会不平等密切相关。Administrative burdens can hinder people's social,political and economic participation.However,most empirical studies usually tackle the issue of how they affect access to citizenship merely indirectly.This article examines administrative exclusion from Argentina's National Identity Document and its effects on a key social policy:the Universal Child Allowance.Findings indicate that:(1)administrative exclusion from official identity documents‘feeds back’into the construction of a vulnerable target group that is systematically excluded from social benefits and public services;and(2)limitations in the administrative capacity for identity registration and documentation‘trickle down’to complications in the implementation of social policies as target groups remain‘off the radar’.Findings also demonstrate the importance of understanding administrative burdens as a systemic issue.Burdens manifest themselves at the level of citizen-state interactions but their causes and consequences are tied up with intractable institutional characteristics,administrative capacities and social inequalities.

关 键 词：行政负担 行政排斥 公民身份 身份证件 社会政策 

分 类 号：D778.3[政治法律—政治学] D035[政治法律—中外政治制度]