发展中国家的幸福感:政府竞争力能取代正式制度吗?  

Happiness in developing countries:can government competitiveness substitute for formal institutions?

作　　者：钟基勋 托宾·任 李怡林(译) 王欣红(审校) Kee Hoon Chung;Tobin Im;Li Yilin(University of Ulsan,South Korea;Seoul National University,South Korea;不详)

机构地区：[1]蔚山大学(韩国)公共行政学系 [2]韩国首尔国立大学公共管理研究生院(GSPA) [3]中国人事科学研究院就业创业与政策评价研究室 [4]不详

出　　处：《国际行政科学评论（中文版）》2022年第3期309-332,共24页International Review of Administrative Sciences

摘　　要：越来越多的实证研究检验了各种治理特征如何影响各国的幸福感。这项研究通过检验假设,即当发展中国家缺乏有效的法律和政治制度时,有能力的政府可以通过有效的政策规划和执行来促进幸福,为先前的研究作出了贡献。为了验证这一假设,本研究比较发展中国家若干治理特征——政府能力、民主和法律制度——对幸福感的影响。虽然以往的研究绝大多数依赖全球治理指标来衡量政府能力,但我们引入了一种新的衡量方法——政府竞争力——由政府竞争力中心开发,它弥补了一些不足。利用这一指标,我们对2015—2018年的80个非经济合作与发展组织国家采用了普通最小二乘法和双向固定效应面板数据分析。作为稳健性检验,本文利用工具变量,使用地理位置作为政府竞争力的工具。分析表明,从统计上看,政府竞争力在所有评估中都对幸福感有积极的稳健影响,而民主和司法独立表现出矛盾的效果。工具变量结果表明,司法独立和民主化分别与政府竞争力呈现替代和补充关系。Accumulated empirical studies have examined how various qualities of governance affect happiness across countries.This study contributes to prior studies by testing a hypothesis that when developing countries lack effective legal and political institutions,capable government may substitute for their functions to promote happiness via effective policy planning and implementation.To test this expectation,this study compares which qualities of governance-government capacity,democracy,and legal system-matter for happiness in developing countries.While prior studies have overwhelmingly relied on the World Governance Indicator to measure government capacity,we intro-duce a new measure-government competitiveness-developed by the Center for Government Competitiveness,which overcomes some criticisms.Using this indicator,we employ pooled Ordinary Least Square and two-way fixed effects panel data analysis for 80 non-Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development countries span¬ning the years 2015-2018.As a robustness test,we conduct instrumental variable estimation,using geography as an instrument for government competitiveness.Our analysis shows that government competitiveness has a positive and statistically robust effect on happiness across all estimations,while quality of democracy and judicial independence display ambivalent effects.Our instrumental variable results suggest that judicial independence and quality of democracy display a substituting and complementing relationship with government competitiveness,respectively.

关 键 词：民主 发展中国家 政府竞争力 幸福感 司法独立 全球治理指标 

分 类 号：D523[政治法律—政治学] D501[政治法律—国际政治]