空气中硝基苯类化合物检测方法研究进展  

Research progress on detection methods for nitrobenzene compounds in air

作　　者：吴凡 袁静 胡嘉雯 何嘉恒[2] 蒙瑞波[2] 吴邦华[2] 戎伟丰[2] WU Fan;YUAN Jing;HU Jia-wen;HE Jia-heng;MENG Rui-bo;WU Bang-hua;RONG Wei-feng(School of Public Health,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510315,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]广东药科大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510315 [2]广东省职业病防治院,广东省职业病防治重点实验室,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2022年第4期443-448,共6页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(2020A1515010893);广东省职业病防治重点实验室(2017B030314152)

摘　　要：硝基苯类化合物(NBCs)在世界范围内应用广泛;其有硝基苯、二硝基苯、硝基甲苯等40种同分异构体,毒性大,难降解,对人类健康可造成不同程度的危害。目前对于空气中NBCs的检测,国内外尚无统一的标准方法与职业接触限值。在采样介质方面,针对蒸气态NBCs多采用固体吸附管进行捕集,针对蒸气态和气溶胶态共存的NBCs的采样多采用滤膜和固体吸附管串联。在检测方法上,常见的有气相色谱法和液相色谱仪法,紫外分光光度法、拉曼光谱法、离子迁移谱技术和其他一些快速响应的方法与技术也被应用于NBCs的检测。采用气相色谱检测NBCs时,主要采用毛细管色谱柱分离,检测器主要有火焰离子化检测器、电子捕获检测器和质谱检测器。建立一种灵敏度高、实用性强、操作更便捷,并且能够对不同状态、多种NBCs同时采集与检测的方法,具有一定的现实意义。Nitrobenzene compounds(NBCs)are widely used in the world.It has 40 isomers such as nitrobenzene,dinitrobenzene and nitrotoluene,that are highly toxic and difficult to degrade and can cause harm to human health in different degrees.At present,there is no unified standard method and occupational exposure limit for the detection of NBCs in the air.In terms of sampling medium,solid adsorption tube is mostly used for trapping vapor state NBCs,and filter membrane and solid adsorption tube are mostly used in series for sampling coexist NBCs in vapor state and aerosol state.In the detection methods,gas chromatography and liquid chromatography are common,and ultraviolet spectrophotometry,Raman spectroscopy,ion migration spectrometry and some other rapid response methods and technologies are also used in the detection of NBCs.In the detection of NBCs by gas chromatography,capillary column separation is commonly used,and the main detectors are flame ionization detector,electron capture detector and mass spectrometry detector.It is of practical significance to establish a method with high sensitivity,strong practicability,convenient operation,and can simultaneously collect and detect a variety of NBCs in different states.

关 键 词：硝基苯类化合物 检测方法 工作场所 空气 研究进展 

分 类 号：R134.4[医药卫生—劳动卫生]