《宪法》自然资源基本条款的规范意涵阐释  

The Interpretation of Normative Meaning of the Basic Provisions of the Constitution on Natural Resources

作　　者：许瀛彪 XU Ying-biao(Institute of Law,China Law Society,Beijing 100081;Institue of law,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100720,China)

机构地区：[1]中国法学会法治研究所,北京100081 [2]中国社会科学院法学研究所,北京100720

出　　处：《西南政法大学学报》2022年第4期101-111,共11页Journal of Southwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：中国法学会民法学研究会2021年青年学者研究项目“国有自然资源损害的民法救济研究”(2021MFXH002);司法部2021年度法治建设与法学理论研究部级科研项目“习近平法治思想的科学方法研究”(21SFB4001)

摘　　要：《宪法》自然资源基本条款的历史变迁,反映出国家深化经济体制改革与优化配置资源要素的整体推进。现行《宪法》自然资源基本条款中的“国家所有”与“全民所有”有不同侧重,即国家所有侧重手段,全民所有侧重目的;国家所有侧重形式,全民所有侧重实质;国家所有侧重过程,全民所有侧重结果。《宪法》规定自然资源属于“国家所有,即全民所有”的规范要旨乃确保在全过程人民民主制度保障下国有自然资源利益归于全民共享,实现全体人民共同富裕。《宪法》自然资源基本条款对自然资源领域相关具体立法具有指引作用,是其他自然资源领域具体法律的立法基础与立法依据。在国家以法治手段推进自然资源治理体系与治理能力现代化的进程中,应充分阐释《宪法》自然资源基本条款的规范意涵,重视对自然资源全民所有、合理利用与有效保护的合宪性控制。The historical changes in the basic provisions of natural resources in the Constitution reflect the overall advancement of China in deepening economic system reform and optimizing the allocation of resources.In the basic provisions of natural resources in the current Constitution,“owned by the state”and“owned by the whole people”have different emphases.In other words,owned by the state focuses on the measure,while owned by the whole people focuses on purpose;owned by the state focuses on form,while owned by the whole people focuses on substance;owned by the state focuses on process,while owned by the whole people focuses on the result.The normative purpose of the Constitution which stipulates that natural resources are“owned by the state,namely owned by the whole people”is to ensure that the benefits of state-owned natural resources are shared by the whole people under the guarantee of people’s democracy all the way around and to realize the common prosperity of the whole people.The basic provisions on natural resources in the Constitution play a guiding role in the legislation in the field of natural resources and serve as the legislative basis for other specific laws in the field of natural resources.In the process of promoting the modernization of the governance system and capacity in the field of natural resources by means of the rule of law,the normative meaning of basic provisions on natural resources in the Constitution should be fully interpreted and the constitutional control of natural resources owned by the whole people,reasonably utilized and effectively protected should be emphasized.

关 键 词：自然资源 国家所有 全民所有 共同富裕 合宪性控制 

分 类 号：D921[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]