高海拔公路隧道火灾烟气流动特性研究  

Study on Fire Smoke Flow Characteristics in High-altitude Highway Tunnel

作　　者：白赟 袁松 BAI Yun;YUAN Song(Siehuan Communieation Surveying&Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610017)

机构地区：[1]四川省交通勘察设计研究院有限公司,成都610017

出　　处：《现代隧道技术》2021年第S01期520-527,共8页Modern Tunnelling Technology

摘　　要：采用FDS软件对雅家埂隧道进行火灾三维数值模拟,研究了高海拔双向行车公路隧道火灾时的烟气流动规律和不同控烟风速组合的控烟效果。研究结果表明:相较于低海拔隧道,高海拔隧道火灾烟气浓度更大、烟气流动速度更快;隧道发生火灾时,高洞口段若不进行控烟通风,烟流沿火灾点两侧蔓延极不对称;当隧道高洞口段控制风速过大时,会出现烟气对称性不佳;当横通道内控制风速太小,烟气会窜入横通道;故控烟组合风速应当合理取值。结合不同控烟风速组合的控烟效果分析,提出了类似工程的高海拔单洞双向行车公路隧道火灾疏散救援阶段合理的控烟风速。The FDS software was used to perform three-dimensional numerical simulation of a fire in Yajiageng Tunnel to study the smoke flow law at a fire in the high-altitude two-way highway tunnel and the smoke control effect under different smoke-controlling wind speeds.The results show that,the smoke concentration is thicker and the smoke flow speed is faster in high-altitude tunnels than in low-altitude ones;the smoke flow might spread asymmetrically along both sides of the fire point if smoke control and ventilation are not carried out in the high portal section in case of a fire in the tunnel;the smoke symmetry is poor when the controlling wind speed is too high at the high portal section of the tunnel;the smoke might rush into the cross passage when the controlling wind speed is too slow there;therefore,the combined smoke-controlling wind speed should be determined reasonably.So the reasonable smoke-controlling wind speeds are proposed for the fire evacuation and rescue phases of the highaltitude,single-tube and two-way highway tunnel in similar projects in combination with the smoke-controlling effect analysis under different smoke-controlling wind speeds.

关 键 词：高海拔公路隧道 双向行车 火灾烟气流动特性 数值模拟 控烟风速 

分 类 号：U458[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]