温州话连读前字清浊塞音对立的实验语音学研究  

A Phonetic Studyon the Opposition of Voiceless and Voiced Sounds of the Preceding Syllable in a Tone Sandhi in Wenzhou Dialect

作　　者：朱子璇 陶寰[1] ZHU Zixuan;TAO Huan

机构地区：[1]复旦大学中文系,上海

出　　处：《中国方言学报》2022年第1期80-92,共13页

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“吴语浊音声母的类型及实验研究”(18YJA740045)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：温州话两字组连读变调中,前字阴阳调中和,清浊声母发生对立。本文针对温州话的这一特点,选择“颁发-办法”等三组最小对比对,利用实验语音学的方法,考察清浊声母在连读前字位置上发音的差异。本文从三个方面对清浊声母的差异进行了分析:一、浊音起始时间(VOT),证明连读前字的清浊对立并非带音不带音的区别,尽管两者在VOT上存在一定的差异。二、在闭塞时长和闭塞比值上,清浊声母有较大的差异,清塞音的闭塞时长明显大于浊塞音。另外,在闭塞比值上,两者也表现出明显的不同。三、在后接元音的发声态方面,浊塞音与清不送气塞音的后接元音在H1-H2、H1-A1、CPP、HNR等参数上表现不同,且具有显著性差异,我们推断浊塞音后接元音为气声态。温州话连读前字的清浊声母对立主要表现为闭塞时长上的差别,这与单音节中清浊声母的差异情况类似,而与连读后字时清浊声母对立表现为VOT不同的情况有明显不同。As to the bisyllable tone sandhi in Wenzhou dialect,the tones of the preceding syllable become neutralization when it refers to MC voiced and unvoiced intials,and the voiced and unvoiced initials become opposite.This paper chooses three minimal pairs,as[pa■ho■]颁发&[ba■ho■]办法for phonetics experiment,and argues that:1)According to VOT,it is clear that the phonologically voiced stops are not voicing during the closure,though their value of VOT did differ from unvoiced ones.2)Phonologically unvoiced stops have absolutely longer duration and relative duration than phonologically voiced ones.3)As to the initial stops,the values of H1-H2,H1-A1,CPP,HNR of phonologically voiced stops show significant difference from unvoiced ones,which leads to the conclusion that the vowels succeeding the phonologically voiced stops are breathy voice.The opposition of voiced stops and unvoiced ones in initial position mainly shows in closure duration,which is similar to the occasion of initial stops in monosyllables,and definitely different from the occasion of the succeeding syllable in a bisyllable tone sandhi.

关 键 词：温州话 连读前字 清浊对立 VOT 闭塞时长 闭塞比值 气声 

分 类 号：H173[语言文字—汉语]