云南水稻种质资源的遗传多样性及群体结构分析  

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis of Rice Germplasm Resources in Yunnan Province

作　　者：陈越[1] 陈玲[1] 张敦宇[1] 肖素勤[1] 殷富有[1] 王玲仙[1] 王波[1] 钟巧芳[1] 付坚[1] 程在全[1] CHEN Yue;CHEN Ling;ZHANG Dunyu;XIAO Suqin;YIN Fuyou;WANG Lingxian;WANG Bo;ZHONG Qiaofang;FU Jian;CHENG Zaiquan(Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Provincial,Key Lab of Agricultural Biotechnology/Key Lab of Southwestern Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Innovation in Ministry of Agriculture,Kunming 650205,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所,云南省农业生物技术重点实验室,农业部西南作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室,昆明650205

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2019年第11期1778-1789,共12页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0100202);云南省科技惠民专项(2016RA002).

摘　　要：利用SSR分子标记对覆盖云南16个州(市)的908份水稻种质资源进行遗传多样性及群体结构分析。结果表明,22对SSR标记共检测到193个等位基因,每对标记的等位基因数为4~18,平均8.78;主要等位基因的频率为0.2048~0.7941,平均0.3803;基因多样性指数为0.3477~0.8876,平均0.7307;多态信息含量为0.3202~0.8777,平均0.6986。以地理来源进行分类并分析其遗传多样性,结果表明,云南水稻种质资源在不同州(市)间的遗传差异较大,其中普洱市水稻种质资源的多态性位点数、多态性位点百分率、观测等位基因数、有效等位基因数、Nei’s遗传多样性及Shannon’s指数最高,而迪庆州和楚雄州相对较低,说明普洱市水稻种质资源的遗传多样性最丰富,而迪庆州和楚雄州相对较低;遗传距离和遗传一致度分析表明,普洱市与西双版纳州水稻种质资源的遗传距离最小、遗传一致度较高,亲缘关系最近,而昆明市与楚雄州水稻种质资源的遗传距离最大、遗传一致度较低,亲缘关系最远。遗传分化分析显示,908份水稻种质资源的遗传变异主要来源于种质内个体间,且种质间的基因流为2.8388,该值大于1,说明云南水稻种质资源间存在频繁的基因交流现象;NJ聚类分析、PCA主成分分析及Sturcture群体遗传结构分析均将供试材料分为2大类群,其中NJ聚类分析和PCA分析又在2大类群的基础上分为4个亚群,908份云南水稻种质资源并没有按照地理来源进行聚类,交错分布于各个类群中。表明云南水稻种质资源具有极其丰富的遗传多样性,且不同州(市)水稻种质资源的遗传差异较大,将为今后水稻新品种选育提供宝贵的资源材料。The genetic diversity and population structure of 908 rice germplasm resources covering 16 prefectures(cities)in Yunnan province were analyzed by using SSR markers.The results showed that 193 alleles were detected in 22 pairs of SSR markers,and the number of alleles detected by each pair ranged from 4 to 18,with an average of 8.78;the gene frequency of major alleles ranged from 0.2048 to 0.7941,with an average of 0.3803;the index of genetic diversity ranged from 0.3477 to 0.8876,with an average of 0.7307;the polymorphic information content ranged from 0.3202 to 0.8777,with an average of 0.6986.908 accessions of Yunnan rice germplasm resources were classified by geographical sources and their genetic diversities were analyzed.The genetic diversity of Yunnan rice germplasm resources varied greatly among different states(cities).The number of polymorphic loci,percentage of polymorphic loci,observed allele number,effective allele number,Nei’s genetic diversity and Shannon’s index of rice germplasm resources in Pu’er prefecture were the highest among 16 states(cities),while relatively low in Diqing and Chuxiong prefectures.The genetic distance and genetic consistency of rice germplasm resources in 16 prefectures(cities)revealed that there were a lower genetic distance,higher genetic consistency,and closest genetic relationship between Pu’er and Xishuangbanna,and higher genetic distance,lower genetic consistency,and farthest genetic differentiation of Yunnan rice germplasm resources between Kunming and Chuxiong.The genetic differentiation analysis of rice germplasm resources in Yunnan province suggested that the genetic variation of 908 rice germplasm resources was mainly due to the individual within the germplasm,and the gene flow between the germplasms was 2.8388>1,which indicated that there was frequent gene communication among rice germplasm resources in Yunnan province.The tested materials were divided into two groups under NJ cluster analysis,PCA principal component analysis and sturcture population genet

关 键 词：SSR分子标记 云南 水稻种质资源 遗传多样性 群体结构 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]