熔体发泡法制备闭孔泡沫铝的工艺研究进展  

Research Progress in Closed-cell Aluminum Foam Fabricated by Melt Foaming Method

作　　者：张赞 王占忠 夏兴川[2] 闫朋涛 赵素梅 乔建生 李印峰 Zhang Zan;Wang Zhanzhong;Xia Xingchuan;Yan Pengtao;Zhao Sumei;Qiao Jiansheng;Li Yinfeng(College of Physics and Electronic Engineering,Xingtai University;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Technology)

机构地区：[1]邢台学院物理与电子工程学院,河北邢台054001 [2]河北工业大学材料科学与工程学院,天津300401

出　　处：《特种铸造及有色合金》2022年第6期732-739,共8页Special Casting & Nonferrous Alloys

基　　金：河北省教育厅青年拔尖人才资助项目(BJ2021100);邢台市科技局青年人才计划资助项目(2020ZZ043)

摘　　要：闭孔泡沫铝具有轻质、高比强度与比刚度、阻燃、吸能减震与隔音性能优良等特性,在交通、航空航天和建筑等领域具有广阔的应用前景。熔体发泡法是工业化应用最广泛的闭孔泡沫铝制备方法,但其所制备的泡沫铝仍然存在发泡过程中气泡稳定性较差且生产成本较高等问题。基于此,重点讨论了影响闭孔泡沫铝孔结构的主要工艺因素,总结了常用增粘剂、发泡剂的特点,分析了增粘、发泡和凝固工艺参数对闭孔泡沫铝孔径和孔隙率等的影响,最后对熔体发泡法制备闭孔泡沫铝的工艺进行了展望。Closed-cell aluminum foam has excellent characteristics, such as light weight, high specific strength, high specific stiffness, flame retardancy, energy absorption and vibration damping, sound insulation, which has a broad prospect in transportation, aerospace, architecture and other fields. Melt foaming method is widely used in industry for preparing closed-cell aluminum foam. Nevertheless, there still exists problems including poor bubble stability in the foaming stage and high cost in closed-cell aluminum foam fabricated by melt foaming method. On this basis, main process factors affecting pore structure of closed-cell aluminum foam were discussed. The characteristics of common thickening and foaming agents were summarized. The influence law of thickening, foaming and freezing process parameters on porosity and pore diameter of closed-cell aluminum foam were analyzed. Finally, the process of preparing closed-cell aluminum foam by melt foaming method was prospected.

关 键 词：闭孔泡沫铝 熔体发泡法 工艺 孔结构 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]