关于催化裂化装置两种汽提型式的问题分析  

Analysis of Two Types of Stripping in FCC Unit

作　　者：孙绍鹏 王珊珊 李文建 Sun Shaopeng;Wang Shanshan;Li Wenjian(SINOPEC Luoyang Company,Luoyang Henan 471012)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司洛阳分公司,河南洛阳471012

出　　处：《中外能源》2020年第2期72-76,共5页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：催化裂化汽提段是催化裂化装置的重要组成部分。通过对影响汽提段汽提效率的主要因素进行分析,详细阐述了洛阳石化分公司二套催化裂化装置环形挡板式汽提段汽提效果不佳、催化剂循环量受限的原因。通过分析,采用中石化洛阳工程有限公司的格栅汽提技术对汽提段进行改造。改造后的格栅式汽提段的汽提效果显著提高,焦炭中氢的质量分数由7.0%~9.0%降至5.0%~7.5%,但也存在开工时反应器、再生器两器流化困难、易被脱落焦块堵塞等问题。通过进一步研究,发现开工初期汽提段温度低和格栅上有焦炭附着或焦块堵塞是导致开工两器流化不畅的原因。针对此问题,通过增加再生器密相低压蒸汽过热管,减少转剂前汽提蒸汽用量,定期打开待生塞阀和待生催化剂采样阀等措施为两器循环创造条件;再生器向沉降器转剂时通过调整待生塞阀、滑阀开度,到喷油条件后先选择喷汽油,让催化剂少量挂焦等措施,为两器催化剂正常循环创造条件;在两器升温过程中通过调整待生塞阀开度来控制汽提段温度,促使格栅残存焦炭自燃,增加防焦格栅等措施减少焦炭、焦块的影响。FCC stripping section is an important part of the FCC unit.The main factors affecting the stripping efficiency of the stripping section were analyzed,and the reasons for the poor stripping effect and the limited amount of catalyst circulation in the ring baffle type stripping section of the 2# FCC unit at SINOPEC Luoyang Company were explained in detail.Based on the analysis,the grid stripping technology of SINOPEC Luoyang Company was used to revamp the stripping section.After the transformation,the stripping effect of the grid stripping section was improved obviously,and the mass fraction of hydrogen in coke was reduced from 7.0-9.0% to 5.0-7.5%.However,there were also some problems such as the difficulty in fluidization between reactor and regenerator and the easy blockage by coke blocks.Further researches showed that the low temperature of stripping section and the coke adhesion or blockage on the grid were the reasons for the poor fluidization between reactor and regenerator at the initial stage of unit startup.To solve this problem,some measures were put forward such as installing dense phase low-pressure steam superheater tube of regenerator,reducing the consumption of stripping steam prior to catalyst transfer and periodically opening the spent catalyst plug valve and spent catalyst sampling valve to create conditions for the circulation be-tween reactor and regenerator,adjusting the opening of the spent catalyst plug valve and slide valve during the catalyst transfer from regenerator to settler and choosing gasoline injection first when the fuel injection conditions are met for less coke deposition on the catalysts to create conditions for the normal circulation of catalysts,and adjusting the opening of the spent catalyst plug valve to control the temperature of the stripping section during the heating of the reactor and regenerator,promoting the spontaneous combustion of the remaining coke on the grid and installing coke prevention grid to reduce the impact of coke and coke blocks.

关 键 词：催化裂化 汽提段 汽提效率 环形挡板 格栅 

分 类 号：TE96[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]