疾病预防控制机构突发事件公共卫生风险沟通需求和能力现况研究  

Status quo of risk communication needs and capability for public health emergencies in disease control and prevention institutions

作　　者：丁凡[1] 李锦成 黄立勇 金连梅[1] DING Fan;LI Jin-cheng;HUANG Li-yong;JIN Lian-mei(Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China;Yangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225000,China;Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心,北京102206 [2]扬州市疾病预防控制中心,江苏扬州225000 [3]朝阳区疾病预防控制中心,北京100021

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2020年第11期1281-1285,共5页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：冬奥会突发公共卫生事件风险评估技术研究(2018YFC0809903-02,131031001000182006)

摘　　要：目的了解我国省、市、县三级疾病预防控制机构(简称疾控机构)在应对突发事件应急处置过程中的公共卫生风险沟通需求,评估各级疾控机构的公共卫生风险沟通能力。方法采用描述性流行病学调查方法设计本次调查及问卷,普查和抽样调查结合的方式开展调查。并编制了卫生应急风险沟通能力测评问卷,评估疾控机构专业人员的风险沟通能力。结果调查省份其疾控机构均未设置独立的风险沟通专职科室,且风险沟通职能多设在应急部门。县(区)级机构的风险沟通制度或预案制定情况(46.6%)好于地市(州)级(28.6%)。仅38.6%的单位开展过风险沟通培训,县(区)级开展演练率为17.0%。77.8%的单位开展过舆情监测,且模式以专业人员网络收集和电话热线收集为主。专业人员风险沟通能力评分不高,调查对象平均得分为8.7分(总分34分)。结论各级疾控机构需要重视风险沟通的重要性,拓展渠道收集信息,提高专业人员的风险沟通能力,设置专业化制度来保障风险沟通工作的顺利进行。Objective To understand the risk communication needs for public health emergencies in provincial-,municipal-and county-level centers for disease control and prevention(hereinafter referred to as CDCs)in China,and to evaluate the risk communication capability for public health emergencies in CDCs at all levels.Methods Descriptive epidemiological survey method was used to design the investigation and questionnaire.The investigation was carried out by combining general and sampling survey.Another questionnaire about risk communication capability for public health emergencies was developed to assess the risk communication capability of professionals in the CDCs.Results None of the provinces surveyed had set up an independent risk communication department,and most of the risk communication functions were set up in emergency sections.The risk communication system or plan formulation of county-level(district-level)institutions was better than that of municipal-level(prefecture-level)institutions(46.6%vs.28.6%).Only 38.6%of the institutions had conducted risk communication training,and the training rate of county-level(district-level)institutions was 17.0%.77.8%of the institutions had carried out public opinion monitoring,and the main modes were network collection and telephone hotline collection by professionals.The risk communication capability score of professionals was not high,and the average score of respondents was 8.7 points out of 34.Conclusions CDCs at all levels must attach importance to risk communication,expand channels to collect information,improve the risk communication ability of professionals,and set up a professional system to ensure the smooth progress of risk communication.

关 键 词：突发事件 公共卫生 风险沟通 疾病预防控制机构 

分 类 号：R197.2[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]