木质素基阻燃剂制备的研究进展  

Research Progress of Lignin-based Flame Retardant

作　　者：白毓黎 白富栋 张通 张雷 李澜鹏 BAI Yu-li;BAI Fu-dong;ZHANG Tong;ZHANG Lei;LI Lan-peng(Sinopec Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals,Dalian 116045,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司大连石油化工研究院,大连116045

出　　处：《当代化工》2020年第10期2314-2317,共4页Contemporary Chemical Industry

基　　金：中国石油化工集团公司资助项目(项目编号:SH1810)

摘　　要：木质素是一种含碳量大且具有丰富官能团的天然高分子聚合物,近年来改性木质素结构应用于制备阻燃成炭剂、聚氨酯和酚醛树脂等高分子材料,因有效提升造纸工业和生物炼制废渣的应用价值而备受关注。通过木质素结构中的酚羟基和醇羟基等活性官能团引入阻燃元素,增加羟基含量和引入氨基结构等方法,可以提高木质素燃烧时的残炭量和热稳定性。在膨胀阻燃体系中改性木质素作为大分子阻燃成炭剂,具有较高的阻燃效率。概述了木质素不同提取方法和结构特点、改性木质素基阻燃成炭剂制备方法和研究进展,展望其未来在阻燃领域的应用和发展。Lignin is a kind of natural high polymer with large carbon content and rich functional groups.In recent years,lignin with modified structure has been used to prepare high molecular materials,such as flame retardant charring agents,polyurethane and phenolic resin.The lignin has attracted much attention due to its application value for pulping industry and bio-refining.The amount of carbon residue and thermal stability of the lignin can be improved by introducing flame retardant elements,increasing the content of hydroxyl and introducing amino structure through the active functional groups of phenol hydroxyl and alcohol hydroxyl.In the intumescent flame-retardant system,lignin as a macromolecular flame-retardant charring agent has high flame-retardant efficiency.In this paper,structural characteristics and different extraction methods of lignin were introduced,the preparation methods and research progress of lignin based flame retardant charring agents were summarized,and the future application and development were prospected.

关 键 词：木质素 改性 成炭剂 膨胀型阻燃剂 

分 类 号：TQ314.248[化学工程—高聚物工业]