喀斯特区城市遗存山体野境自然野性评价——以贵阳为例  

Natural wildness evaluation of urban remnant mountain wilderness in karst area:A case study of Guiyang

作　　者：杨兴艺 包玉[1,2] 王志泰[1,2] 陈信同 方周怡 YANG Xingyi;BAO Yu;WANG Zhitai;CHEN Xintong;FANG Zhouyi(College of Forestry,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Landscape Architecture Planning and Design Research Center,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学林学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学风景园林规划设计研究中心,贵阳550025

出　　处：《生态学报》2022年第24期9995-10010,共16页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：贵州省科学技术基金重点项目(黔科合基础[2020]1Z011);贵州省科技支撑项目(黔科合支撑[2021]一般458);国家自然科学基金项目(32060367)

摘　　要：黔中地区城市扩张过程中,建成区内遗存了大量的孤岛状自然山体,这些保留了原有生境的城市遗存自然山体在完全人工化的城市环境中可以被认为是城市遗存山体野境。然而由于人为干扰程度的不同,城市遗存山体野境的野性程度不同。科学评价城市遗存山体野境的野性水平,可以为城市遗存山体野境的保护提供科学依据。以中国西南喀斯特地区典型的多山城市为研究区域,在山体原有植被保持较好、且形态相对完整的城市遗存山体中,随机选取了18座城市遗存山体野境作为研究对象,采用层次分析法、熵权法、综合权重法构建了喀斯特地区城市遗存山体野境自然野性评价指标体系。通过实地调查结合遥感技术,获取了样本山体各指标数据,用线性加权求和法得到样本山体的自然野性评价值。最终通过正态分布法和专家诊断法相结合确定城市遗存山体野境自然野性阈值并进行分级。结果表明:(1)城市遗存山体野境自然野性指标体系由山体特征、动植物特征、环境特征3个准则层和7个指标层及26个评价因子组成,该指标体系对评价喀斯特地区城市遗存山体野境自然野性适宜。(2)城市遗存山体野境的山体特征指标的平均值为0.56±0.13,动植物特征指标的平均值为0.44±0.07,山体环境特征的平均值为0.48±0.12。(3)城市遗存山体野境的自然野性划分为,高野性、中野性、低野性、无野性4个等级。城市遗存山体野境自然野性的阈值是0.43,具有自然野性的山体面积占所选样山总面积的75.6%。研究结果将为判断多山城市人工环境中城市遗存山体自然野境地提供基础理论,为制定城市野境保护策略提供依据。In the process of urban expansion in the central Guizhou,a large number of isolated island like natural mountains were embedded into the built-up area.These urban remnant mountains that retain the original habitat can be considered as urban remnant mountain wilderness(URMWs)in a completely artificial urban environment.Due to the different degrees of human interference,the wild degree of URMWs are different.Accurate evaluation of the wild level of URMWs could provide scientific basis for the protection of URMWs.In this study,the typical multi-mountainous city in southwestern karst region of China was selected as the research area.Among the urban remnant mountains with good original vegetation and relatively complete shape,18 URMWs were randomly selected as the research objects.The analytic hierarchy process,entropy weight method and comprehensive weight method were used to construct the evaluation indicator system of natural wildness of URMWs in karst region.Through the field investigation combined with remote sensing technology,the indicator data of sample URMWs were obtained,and the natural wildness evaluation value of each sample URMW was obtained by weighted linear combination.Finally,the natural wildness threshold of URMWs was determined and graded by normal distribution method and expert diagnosis method.The results showed that:(1)the natural wildness indicator system of URMWs were composed of three criterion layers(i.e.mountain characteristics,animal and plant characteristics,environmental characteristics),seven indicator layers and 26 evaluation factors.The indicator system could be suitable for evaluating the natural wildness of URMWs in karst areas.(2)The average value of mountainous characteristics,animal and plant characteristics,and environment characteristics of URMWs were 0.56±0.13,0.44±0.07,and 0.48±0.12,respectively.(3)The natural wildness of URMWs were separated into four ranks:high wildness,medium wildness,low wildness and no wildness.The threshold of natural wildness of URMWs was 0.43,the UR

关 键 词：野境 自然野性评价 城市遗存山体 综合权重 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]