虚拟资本:信用关系伪境中资本主义自我消亡的翻转门——《资本论》第3卷的哲学思考  

Virtual Capital: The Revolving Door of Capitalism’s Self-Extinction in the Pseudo-Realm of Credit Relations-Philosophical Reflections on Das Kapital Vol. Ⅲ

作　　者：张一兵[1,2] Zhang Yibing

机构地区：[1]南京大学马克思主义社会理论研究中心,江苏南京210023 [2]南京大学哲学系,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《马克思主义研究》2023年第1期85-97,160,共14页Studies on Marxism

基　　金：教育部重点研究基地重大项目“MEGA与马克思的资本主义批判研究”(22JJD710023)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：资本主义的信用关系系统,是资产阶级在经济物相化空间中巧妙运用的一种彻头彻尾的经济欺诈和合法的公开掠夺。这是资本主义生产方式中最奇特的我-他自反性劳动异化,也是资本(生息资本)拜物教的最高伪境。当产业资本家通过虚拟的信用关系直接占有非其私人所有的巨大社会资本时,就会掌握剥削工人所创造的剩余价值的巨大资本力量,在一定意义上,这种社会化的资本可以适应社会化大生产的要求,这就为生产资料私人占有与社会化大生产之间的矛盾提供了缓冲空间。资产阶级在信用关系中创立的股份公司,是一种以虚拟资本的方式出现的生产资料社会占有,但这预示了一个可能的前景,即私有制向“联合起来的生产者的财产,即直接的社会财产”过渡,这正是走向社会主义的客观历史趋势。The capitalist system of credit relations is an outright economic fraud and legalized open plunder cleverly employed by the bourgeoisie in the economic materialisirt space.It is the most peculiar I-other self-reflexive labor alienation of the capitalist mode of production,and the highest pseudo-realm of capital(interest-bearing capital)fetishism.When the industrial capitalist directly takes possession of the huge social capital not privately owned by him through virtual credit relations,he holds the huge capital power to exploit the surplus value created by the workers,and in a certain sense this socialized capital can be adapted to the requirements of socialized mass production,which provides a buffer space for the contradiction between the private appropriation of the means of production and socialized mass production.The joint-stock company created by the bourgeoisie in a credit relationship is a kind of social appropriation of the means of production in the form of virtual capital,but it foreshadows a possible transition from private ownership to“the property of associated producers,...direct social property”,which is the objective historical trend towards socialism.

关 键 词：《资本论》 信用关系 虚拟资本 股份公司 自由人联合体 

分 类 号：A811[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]