民族乡村旅游地居民能力缺失型返贫风险因素——基于甘南藏族自治州乡村旅游地居民的感知调查  

Risk factors of poverty relapse by capability deprivation among residents in ethnic rural tourism destinations:A perception survey of residents in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

作　　者：周文丽 张婷玥 Zhou Wenli;Zhang Tingyue(School of Business Administration,Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics,Lanzhou 730020,China;School of Management,Henan Institute of Technology,Xinxiang 453003,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州财经大学工商管理学院,兰州730020 [2]河南工学院管理学院,新乡453003

出　　处：《中国生态旅游》2024年第3期574-588,共15页Journal of Chinese Ecotourism

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(22XMZ044)

摘　　要：能力缺失是脱贫居民返贫的根本原因之一。研究依据阿马蒂亚·森能力贫困理论,构建能力缺失型返贫风险因素指标体系,基于甘肃省甘南藏族自治州乡村旅游地居民返贫风险感知调查数据,采用二元logistics回归和方差分析方法,探讨民族乡村旅游地居民能力缺失型返贫风险因素及居民特征对其返贫风险感知水平的影响。研究发现:(1)获取帮扶能力、旅游开发投入能力、自主学习能力、旅游技能培训参与及接受能力、旅游对外宣传能力、居民家庭财产储蓄能力等7个因素,是居民感知的主要返贫风险因素。(2)职业、受教育程度、身体素质、旅游参与方式等个人及家庭特征对居民返贫风险感知影响显著。(3)职业为旅游基层服务人员的居民、旅游参与形式为个人或家庭自主经营的居民返贫风险感知更强;受教育程度越高的居民返贫风险感知越强;相较于家中无人患病或有多人患病的居民,家中只有1名患病成员的居民返贫风险感知更敏感。研究建议在现有帮扶政策不变的情况下,坚持民族乡村旅游地居民的主体地位,培育居民可持续脱贫能力,针对不同特征居民进行返贫检测与干预,有助于当地防返贫工作的有效推进。Capability deprivation is one of the fundamental reasons for poverty relapse among residents who have previously escaped from poverty.Based on Amartya Sen’s capability deprivation theory,this study constructs an index system of risk factors for poverty relapse by capability deprivation.Utilizing survey data on the perceived risk of poverty relapse among residents in rural tourism areas of Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Gansu Province,binary logistic regression and variance analysis methods are employed to explore the risk factors of capability deprivation for poverty relapse and the impact of residents’characteristics on their perceived risk of poverty relapse.The findings indicate that:(1)Seven factors,including the residents’ability to obtain assistance,to invest in tourism development,to learn autonomously,to participate and accept tourism skills training,to promote tourism to external communities,and to save family property,are the main perceived risk factors for poverty relapse among residents.(2)Personal and family characteristics,such as occupation,education level,physical health,and tourism participation methods,significantly affect residents’perceived risk of poverty relapse.(3)Residents who are frontline service workers in tourism and those who participate in tourism through individual or family self-employment have a stronger perception of poverty relapse risk.Residents with higher education levels correlate with stronger perceptions of poverty relapse risk.Compared to residents with no sick family members or multiple sick family members,those with only one sick family member are more sensitive to the risk of poverty relapse.The study suggests that,while maintaining the current assistance policies,it is crucial to uphold the primary role of ethnic rural tourism residents,cultivate their sustainable poverty alleviation capabilities,and conduct targeted monitoring and interventions for different resident characteristics,so as to help the local anti-poverty relapse work to be conducted effec

关 键 词：乡村居民 能力缺失 返贫风险 风险感知 乡村旅游 旅游减贫 民族地区 

分 类 号：F327[经济管理—产业经济] F592.7