全民接种新冠疫苗时期医务人员和普通人群抑郁与焦虑发生率及影响因素  

Analysis of the incidence and influencing factors of depression and anxiety in medical staff and general public during the period of universal coronavirus disease 19 vaccination

作　　者：祝凯 代敏慧 刘忠和 熊小平 张钰华[1] 高云春[4] 洪云军[4] 张小波[4] ZHU Kai;DAI Min-hui;LIU Zhong-he;XIONG Xiao-ping;ZHANG Yu-hua;GAO Yun-chun;HONG Yun-jun;ZHANG Xiao-bo(Medical College of Jishou University,Jishou 416000,China;Affiliated Qianjiang Hospital of Chongqing University,Chongqing 409000,China;Department of Neurology,The First People’s Hospital of Changde,Changde 415000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉首大学医学院,湖南吉首416000 [2]重庆大学附属黔江医院消化内科,重庆409000 [3]重庆大学附属黔江医院神经内科,重庆409000 [4]常德市第一人民医院神经内科,湖南常德415000

出　　处：《社区医学杂志》2022年第19期1082-1086,共5页Journal Of Community Medicine

基　　金：常德市科技局新冠肺炎应急专项课题(2020SK005)

摘　　要：目的了解全民接种新冠疫苗时期医务人员与普通人群的抑郁、焦虑发生率及其影响因素,对存在产生抑郁或焦虑危险因素的人群尽早进行进一步的心理筛查和随访评估,同时为制定心理干预服务提供一定参考依据。方法通过微信平台发放自编的调查问卷,包含抑郁自评量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)及基线资料,最终收集2021-01-01-2021-06-30来自湖南省34家医院的1187名医务人员和1202名普通人群的一般信息及心理健康状况。对调查结果运用χ^(2)检验和logistics回归等统计学方法进行分析。结果样本人群中医务人员抑郁症状检出率为24.9%,普通人群为16.7%,差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=24.461,P<0.001;医务人员焦虑症状检出率为12.7%,普通人群为7.4%,差异有统计学意义,χ^(2)=18.682,P<0.001。医务人员与普通人群比较,性别(χ^(2)=223.737,P<0.001)、年龄(χ^(2)=114.128,P<0.001)、学历(χ^(2)=549.529,P<0.001)、月收入(χ^(2)=14.009,P<0.001)、婚育计划(χ^(2)=15.482,P<0.001)、住址(χ^(2)=25.135,P<0.001)等方面差异均有统计学意义,而接种意愿(χ^(2)=1.391,P=0.238)差异无统计学意义。多因素logistics回归分析结果显示,医务人员抑郁的独立影响因素为月收入(OR=2.035,95%CI为1.134~3.650)和年龄(OR=0.636,95%CI为0.445~0.910),焦虑的独立影响因素为接种意愿(OR=0.148,95%CI为0.029~0.752)和年龄(OR=0.644,95%CI为0.483~0.859)。普通人群抑郁的独立影响因素为学历(OR=1.713,95%CI为1.071~2.739),焦虑的独立影响因素为性别(OR=1.460,95%CI为1.060~2.010)、婚姻状态(OR=0.535,95%CI为0.366~0.780)和接种次数(OR=1.418,95%CI为1.031~1.949)。结论全民接种新冠疫苗时期,医务人员较普通人群出现抑郁、焦虑症状的风险高,在加强疫情防控的同时,应更加关注医务人员的心理健康问题。Objective By understanding the incidence of depression and anxiety and its influencing factors in medical staff and the general public during the period of universal coronavirus disease 19 vaccination,in order to carry out further psychological screening and follow-up evaluation for the population with risk factors for depression or anxiety as soon as possible,and provide some reference for the development of psychological intervention services.Methods The self-designed questionnaire,including the patient health questionaire-9 items(PHQ-9),the generalized anxiexy disorde-7(GAD-7)and the baseline data,was distributed through WeChat platform.The general information and mental health status of 1187 medical staff and 1202 general population from 34 hospitals in Hunan Province were finally collected from January 1 to June 30,2021.χ^(2)test and logistic regression were used to analyze the survey results.Results The detection rate of depressive symptoms among medical staff in the sample population was 24.9%,while that of the general population was16.7%,with a statistically significant difference,χ^(2)=24.461,P<0.001.The detection rate of anxiety symptoms among medical staff was 12.7%,while that of the general population was 7.4%,with a statistically significant difference,χ^(2)=18.682,P<0.001.Comparing medical personnel with the general population,the differences in gender(χ^(2)=223.737,P<0.001),age(χ^(2)=114.128,P<0.001),education(χ^(2)=549.529,P<0.001),monthly income(χ^(2)=14.009,P<0.001),marriage and childbearing plan(χ^(2)=15.482,P<0.001)and address(χ^(2)=25.135,P<0.001)were statistically significant,while vaccination will(χ^(2)=1.391,P=0.238)had no significant difference.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the independent influencing factors of depression were monthly income(OR=2.035,95%CI was1.134-3.650)and age(OR=0.636,95%CI was 0.445-0.910),and the independent influencing factors of anxiety were vaccination intention(OR=0.148,95%CI was 0.029-0.752)and age(OR=0.644,95%CI was 0.483-0.85

关 键 词：全民接种 新冠疫苗 焦虑 抑郁 心理健康 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]