2015-2020年重庆市万州区居民死因谱变化趋势分析  

Analysis on the change trend of death causes of residents in Wanzhou district of Chongqing(2015-2020)

作　　者：张倩 吴波[1] 彭瑾[1] 唐亮[1] 屈秋琼 扈丽 ZHANG Qian;WU Bo;PENG Jin;TANG Liang;QU Qiu-qiong;HU Li(Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wanzhou District,Chongqing 404000,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市万州区疾病预防控制中心,重庆万州404000

出　　处：《社区医学杂志》2022年第15期840-844,共5页Journal Of Community Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市万州区居民近年来的主要死亡原因以及死亡谱的变化趋势,为制定相关卫生政策、优化卫生资源配置提供科学依据。方法收集2015-2020年重庆市万州区死亡资料,采用Excel和SPSS 22.0软件进行资料整理和数据分析。结果2015-2020年万州区居民死亡率由722.45/10万上升至770.38/10万,标化死亡率由593.16/10万下降至509.35/10万,人均期望寿命由76.19岁上升至77.85岁;2015-2020年万州区死因顺位前4位疾病依次为循环系统疾病、肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、损伤中毒;3大类死因中,各年龄组首位死因不同,<5岁组为感染性、母婴及营养缺乏病,5~14岁组为损伤与中毒,15~64岁、≥65岁组为慢性病。结论慢性病已成为万州区居民死亡的首位原因,应进一步加强对慢性病的防治工作,加大健康教育宣传力度,大力提倡和引导个人健康生活方式,以减少疾病的发生,提高人群生存年数和生活质量。Objective To understand the main causes of death and the trend of death spectrum in Wanzhou district of Chongqing in recent years,and to provide scientific basis for making relevant health policies and optimizing the allocation of health resources.Methods The data of deaths in Wanzhou District of Chongqing from 2015 to 2020 were collected and analyzed by Excel and SPSS 22.0 software.Results From 2015 to 2020,the mortality rate increased from 722.45/100000 to 770.38/100000,the standardized mortality rate decreased from 593.16/100000 to 509.35/100000,and the average life expectancy increased from 76.19 years to 77.85 years.The top four causes of death in Wanzhou district from 2015 to 2020 were circulatory system diseases,tumor,respiratory system diseases,injury and poisoning.Among the three major causes of death,the leading causes of death were different in different age groups.The leading causes of death under five years old was infectious,maternal and child and nutritional deficiencies;the leading cause of death in the 5-14 age group was injury and poisoning;the leading cause of death for people at 15-64 years old and the elderly of≥65 group were chronic diseases.Conclusions Chronic diseases have become the leading cause of death of residents in Wanzhou District.It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases,health education and publicity,and advocate and guide individual healthy lifestyle to reduce the occurrence of diseases and improve people’s life expectancy and quality of life.

关 键 词：慢性病 死亡率 死亡顺位 变化趋势 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]