全面脱贫后甘肃省农村地区中老年人群健康素养特征分析  

Analysis of the health literacy characteristics of the middle aged and elderly residents after the poverty alleviation in rural areas of Gansu Province

作　　者：郑小燕[1] 王旭霞 田钰 张春芳 张森乔 王金金 周娜娜 王芳 裴泓波[1] ZHENG Xiao-yan;WANG Xu-xia;TIAN Yu;ZHANG Chun-fang;ZHANG Sen-qiao;WANG Jin-jin;ZHOUNa-na;WANG Fang;PEI Hong-bo(School of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Institute of Health Education,Gansu Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Lanzhou 730000,China;Department of Chronic Disease,Ganzhou Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhangye 734000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学公共卫生学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]甘肃省疾病预防与控制中心健康教育所,甘肃兰州730000 [3]甘州区疾病预防与控制中心慢病科,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《社区医学杂志》2022年第3期123-128,共6页Journal Of Community Medicine

基　　金：甘肃省贫困地区健康素养调查与健康促进(20200377);甘肃省慢性病防控社会因素调查与关键技术开发(20200443);西部欠发达地区积极老龄化测量工具构建及积极老龄化促进对策研究(教育部人文社科项目21YJAZH064)

摘　　要：目的通过描述与分析甘肃省在全面脱贫后农村地区的中老年居民健康素养的特征,为保持健康扶贫成效、促进欠发达地区中老年人群健康素养水平提供科学依据。方法2021-03-15-2021-04-10采取多阶段随机抽样获取甘肃省农村地区45~69岁中老年调查对象,采用《全国居民健康素养监测调查问卷》收集数据,运用单因素分析与多因素Logistic回归分析健康素养水平的影响因素。结果825名调查对象平均年龄(54.4±6.7)岁,总体健康素养水平23.9%(197/825)。3方面素养水平显示,基本知识和理念为32.4%(267/825)、健康生活方式与行为为23.6%(195/825)、健康技能为33.3%(275/825);6类素养水平显示,安全与急救为51.2%(422/825)、科学健康观为35.5%(293/825)、慢性病防治为29.3%(242/825)、基本医疗为28.2%(233/825)、传染病防治为28.1%(232/825)、健康信息为19.3%(159/825)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,与甘肃东部的庆阳市相比,西部张掖、中部定西与临夏市人群健康素养较低(OR_(张掖)=0.076,95%CI为0.034~0.158,P<0.001;OR_(定西)=0.168,95%CI为0.085~0.332,P<0.001;OR_(临夏)=0.177,95%CI为0.067~0.469,P=0.001);相较于≤小学学历,≥高中学历者健康素养水平较高(OR=3.024,95%CI为1.816~5.033,P<0.001);相较于家庭年收入<10000元者,>40000元者健康素养水平较高(OR=2.508,95%CI为1.476~4.263,P=0.001)。结论脱贫后甘肃省农村中老年人健康素养整体改善,但生活方式与行为、基本医疗及传染病相关素养仍较薄弱,与区域经济水平、个体文化程度及收入低有关。Objective The characteristics of health literacy of middle aged and elderly people in rural areas of Gansu Province after the comprehensive poverty alleviation were described and analyzed to provide scientific basis for keeping the effects of poverty alleviation in health and improving the health literacy level of the middle aged and elderly people in the underdeveloped areas.Methods From March 15 to April 10,2021,the multistage random sampling was used to select the research objects of rural residents aged 45-69 in rural areas of Gansu Province.The national residents’health literacy monitoring questionnaire was used to collect statistics.The influencing factors were analyzed by single factor analysis and logistic regression.Results The average age of 825 subjects was 54.4±6.7,and the health literacy level was 23.9%(197/825).The three aspects of health literacy level:basic knowledge and concept,healthy lifestyle and behavior,health skills were 32.4%(267/825),23.6%(195/825)and 33.3%(275/825)respectively.The six types of health literacy level:safety and first aid 51.2%(422/825),scientific health 35.5%(293/825),chronic disease prevention and control 29.3%(242/825),basic medical treatment 28.2%(233/825),infectious disease prevention and treatment 28.1%(232/825)and health information 19.3%(159/825).The results of logistic regression analysis showed that compared with the rural residents of Qingyang City(the south of Gansu),the population of Zhangye(the east),Dingxi and Linxia(the center)had lower health literacy(OR_(Zhangye)=0.076,95%CI:0.034-0.158,P<0.001;OR_(Dingx)=0.168,95%CI:0.085-0.332,P<0.001;OR_(Linxia)=0.177,95%CI:0.067-0.469,P=0.001);compared with the people with elementary school education,the health literacy was higher in the people with high school education and above(OR=3.024,95%CI:1.816-5.033,P<0.001);compared with the people whose annual income was under 10000yuan,the health literacy level was higher in the group with the annual income over 40000yuan(OR=2.508,95%CI:1.476-4.263,P=0.001).Conclusions Af

关 键 词：健康素养 中老年 农村 全面脱贫 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]