茶马古道病害机理分析——以四川克枯栈道为例  

Analysis on the Deterioration Mechanism Harming the Ancient Tea Horse Road——A Case Study of Keku Plank Road in Sichuan

作　　者：李虓 袁博 吴冠仲 柳杨 张国军 赵敬善 LI Xiao;YUAN Bo;WU Guanzhong;LIU Yang;ZHANG Guojun;ZHAO Jingshan;无(China Railway Northwest Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou 730000,China;Key Scientific Research Base of Cave Protection Technology of the National Administration of Cultural Heritage,Lanzhou 730000,China;Gansu Geotechnical Heritage Protection Engineering Technology Research Center,Lanzhou 730000,China;School of Civil Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁西北科学研究院有限公司,甘肃兰州730000 [2]国家文物局石窟保护技术重点科研基地,甘肃兰州730000 [3]甘肃省岩土文物保护工程技术研究中心,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《石窟与土遗址保护研究》2023年第4期87-96,共10页Research On The Conservation Of Cave Temples And Earthen Sites

基　　金：中国中铁引导课题(2020-KJ001-Z001-A1);中铁科研院重大专项课题(2020-YD-302)

摘　　要：茶马古道是我国古代重要的交通要道,由于其年限久远,年久失修,趋于荒废,各种病害并生,严重影响茶马古道的安全稳定。为使这一具有历史意义的文物长久保存,本研究以四川克枯栈道为例,对其病害类型和病害成因进行系统归纳总结,为类似保护工程提供参考依据。结果表明:茶马古道类文物的损坏情况可划分为轻微破坏、重度破坏和完全破坏,其对应的修缮必要性为无需修缮、急需修缮和需复原修缮。茶马古道类文物的病害类型可划分为文物本体病害、赋存崖体病害和生态环境病害。茶马古道类文物的损坏原因可划分为地质因素、气候植被因素和人为因素。本研究基于克枯栈道提出了面向茶马古道类文物的病害分析框架,可为类似工程提供参考。The Ancient Tea Horse Road was an important transportation artery in ancient China.Because this ancient trade route has been abandoned for decades,various types of deterioration have emerged that seriously threaten the future safety and stability of this important historical site.This paper makes a case study of Keku Plank Road in Sichuan in order to obtain a systematic summary of the types and causes of deterioration,so as to provide reference material for future conservation projects.The results indicate the following:(1)The damage to the Ancient Tea Horse Road can be divided into mild damage,severe damage,and total damage,which,according to the level of severity,requires either no repair,urgent repair,or extensive repair and restoration;(2)The types of deterioration sustained by cultural relics like this ancient trade route can be classified as deterioration of the relics themselves,deterioration of the cliffs to which the relics are attached,and damage caused by the ecological environment;(3)The factors that cause damage to these cultural relics can be divided into geological factors,climate and vegetation factors,and human activities.This study proposes a framework of deterioration analysis for historically significant sites like the Ancient Tea Horse Road in order to support the permanent conservation of these sources of cultural heritage.

关 键 词：茶马古道 克枯栈道 病害分析 保护修缮 文物 

分 类 号：K879.24[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]