热带季风性气候地区水稻灌溉用水分析:以老挝某灌区为例  

Analysis of irrigation water for rice paddy in tropical monsoon climate:a case study of an irrigated area in Laos

作　　者：任贺靖[1] 龚贻螣 刘汗[3] 徐景东[1] 薛丽敏 REN Hejing;GONG Yiteng;LIU Han;XU Jingdong;XUE Limin(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China;CIECC Overseas Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100048,China;Development Research Center of the Ministry of Water Resources,Beijing 100038,China;Xuzhou Water Conservancy Building Design and Research Institute,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100048 [2]中咨海外咨询有限公司,北京100048 [3]水利部发展研究中心,北京100038 [4]徐州市水利建筑设计研究院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《水利水电技术（中英文）》2022年第S01期492-495,共4页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

摘　　要：为探究典型热带季风气候条件下的作物灌溉情况,以老挝某灌区为例,采用适于资料短缺地区的水面蒸发量法计算作物需水量,分析该灌区水稻合理灌溉用水情况,并与我国不同区域水稻灌溉用水进行对比。结果表明:研究区内降雨量主要集中于5—10月,为雨季稻生长期,雨季稻灌水量为3700 m^(3)/hm^(2),旱季稻更依赖灌溉,灌溉水量为10200 m^(3)/hm^(2),其中12月—次年2月为主要灌水期。老挝地区典型热带季风气候条件下全年的水稻灌溉用水与同为热带季风气候的我国云南省勐腊县全年灌溉用水量相差不大,差别仅为0.5%,但灌水量分配上具有较大差别,研究区水稻移植时间较云南省勐腊县有所提前,该地区雨季稻灌水量更少,但旱季稻灌水量更多。本研究可为促进“一带一路”国家农业发展以及水资源合理利用提供重要参考。In order to study crop irrigation condition under typical tropical monsoon climate conditions,reasonable irrigation water for rice paddy is analyzed,taking an irrigated area in Laos as example and adopting the water surface evaporation method which is more applicable to the data shortage area,to calculate the crop water demand.Further,the irrigation water for rice paddy is compared with that in different regions of China.The results show that the rainfall in the study area is mainly concentrated in May to October,which is the growing period of rice in rainy season and the irrigation amount of rice in rainy season is 3700 m^(3)/hm^(2).Rice is more dependent on irrigation in dry season with the amount of 10200 m^(3)/hm^(2)and the main irrigation period is from December to February.Compared with the conditions of Mengla county in Yunnan Province,China,irrigation water consumption is similar with 0.5%difference.While there is a bigger difference on distribution of the irrigation water,and the rice transplanting time in the study region is earlier than that in Mengla county.The irrigation water of the study region in rainy season is less,while the irrigation in the dry season is much more.This study can provide reference for promoting agricultural development and rational utilization of water resources for"One Belt and One Road"countries.

关 键 词：老挝 水稻 灌溉用水 差异 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]