基于中西医临床病证特点的咳嗽变异性哮喘动物模型分析  

Analysis of Animal Models of Cough Variant Asthma Based on the Characteristics of Clinical Disease and Syndrome of Chinese and Western Medicine

作　　者：张佳雯 张小磊 付琼怡 苗明三[1] Zhang Jiawen;Zhang Xiaolei;Fu Qiongyi;Miao Mingsan(School of Pharmacy,Henan University of Chinese Medicine,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]河南中医药大学药学院,郑州450046

出　　处：《世界科学技术-中医药现代化》2023年第10期3279-3285,共7页Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology

基　　金：国家中医药管理局中药标准化专项(GZY-FJS-2020-219):中药外治共性技术规范研究,负责人:苗明三;河南省科学技术厅重大公益项目(201300310100):豫产道地中药材资源综合利用研究,负责人:苗明三;河南省卫生健康委员会中医药科学研究专项课题(20-21ZYZD02):中药外治机制及临床外用技术规范研究

摘　　要：咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA)即咳嗽性哮喘,是临床常见的一种呼吸系统疾病,其唯一或主要临床表现为咳嗽,与哮喘具有类似的病理病机,但其病理变化较哮喘轻微,抗哮喘药物治疗有效,长期反复发作,30%-40%CVA患者可进展为典型哮喘。治疗CVA药物的研究需要合适的CVA动物模型作为研究基础,基于CVA中西医临床病证特点,结合中西医临床诊断标准,对CVA动物模型进行梳理、分析,以期为CVA动物模型的建立、评价与应用提供参考。常用咳嗽变异性哮喘动物模型多采用化学诱导法进行制备,常用动物有小鼠、大鼠和豚鼠。咳嗽变异性哮喘动物模型在致敏剂、佐剂、激发剂、引咳剂的选择上基本相同,明显的差异是在造模时所采用的致敏方法、致敏及激发剂量、造模周期及检测指标的选择上。西医学对咳嗽变异性哮喘有明确的诊断标准,中医学对咳嗽变异性哮喘的诊断依据不同的证候,分为不同的类型。目前常用咳嗽变异性哮喘的动物模型与西医学诊断标准吻合度高,而与中医学诊断标准吻合度不高,对中医证候的体现不足。建立病证结合的CVA动物模型,将中医证候纳入模型评价标准,符合中医药研究对CVA动物模型的要求。在模型评价时,要从行为学表现、肺组织HE染色、BALF中细胞计数以及肺功能指标多方面考量。同时从气道激发实验、肺泡灌洗液嗜酸性粒细胞计数、行为学等方面与哮喘进行区分。Cough variant asthma(CVA)is a common respiratory disease in clinical practice.The only or main clinical manifestation of CVA is cough.It has similar pathological pathogenesis with asthma,but its pathological changes are sligher than asthma.The research of CVA drugs needs appropriate CVA animal models as the research basis.Based on the characteristics of CVA clinical diseases and syndromes of traditional Chinese and western medicine,combined with the clinical diagnostic criteria of traditional Chinese and western medicine,the CVA animal models are combed and analyzed,in order to provide references for the establishment,evaluation and application of CVA animal models.Chemical induction was used to prepare the commonly used animal models of cough variant asthma,including mice,rats and guinea pigs.The selection of sensitizing agent,adjuvant,activator and cough inducing agent was basically the same in the animal models of cough variant asthma,but there were significant differences in the selection of sensitizing method,sensitizing and stimulating dose,modeling cycle and detection index.Western medicine has clear diagnostic criteria for cough variant asthma,while traditional Chinese medicine can classify cough-variant asthma into different types according to different syndromes.At present,the commonly used animal models of cough variant asthma are highly consistent with the diagnostic criteria of western medicine,but not well consistent with the diagnostic criteria of traditional Chinese medicine,which is insufficient to reflect the symptoms of traditional Chinese medicine.The establishment of CVA animal model combining disease and syndrome,including medical syndromes into the model evaluation criteria,meets the requirements of TCM research on CVA animal model.In model evaluation,behavioral manifestations,HE staining of lung tissue,cell counts in BALF and lung function indicators should be considered in various aspects,and airway excitation test,alveolar lavage fluid eosinophil count,behavioral and other aspects should

关 键 词：咳嗽变异性哮喘 动物模型 病证结合 中西医诊断 

分 类 号：R256.11[医药卫生—中医内科学]