知母抗老年痴呆有效部位筛选及作用机制研究  

Screening and Mechanistic Studies of Anti-Alzheimer’s Fractions of Anemarrhenae Rhizoma

作　　者：罗洁[1] 黄永亮[2] 郑绘[2] 魏京霞[1] 涂勤[1] Luo Jie;Huang Yongliang;Zheng Hui;Wei Jingxia;Tu Qin(Department of Pharmacy,The Six People’s Hospital of Chengdu,Chengdu 610051,China;Department of Pharmacy,Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 610072,China)

机构地区：[1]成都市第六人民医院药剂科,成都610051 [2]成都中医药大学附属医院药学部,成都610072

出　　处：《世界科学技术-中医药现代化》2020年第8期3030-3035,共6页Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会青年科学基金资助项目(81503254):基于补血活性的三七“生消熟补”的物质转换及炮制机理研究,负责人:黄永亮;成都中医药大学科技发展基金(030029048):何首乌及炮制品肝毒性成分机理研究,负责人:黄永亮

摘　　要：目的筛选出知母对氢溴酸东莨菪碱致痴呆模型小鼠学习记忆能力改善的有效部位,观察知母的有效部位对小鼠血清中超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide Dismutase,SOD)活性、丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)含量和脑组织中乙酰胆碱酯酶(Acetyl cholinesterase,AChE)活性的影响,探讨其防治老年痴呆的可能作用机制。方法将96只雄性昆明种小鼠随机分为:石油醚层组,乙酸乙酯层组,正丁醇层组,水层组,总提物组,吡拉西坦组,模型组,空白组。空白组与模型组小鼠给予蒸馏水灌胃,其余各组灌胃给予相应药物灌胃,每天1次,连续21天。第16天到21天进行Morris水迷宫实验,评价小鼠学习和记忆能力。行为学测试开始前30min,氢溴酸东莨菪碱腹腔注射诱发小鼠记忆障碍建立模型。行为学测试结束后,采集血清,海马和脑皮质标本,检测各组各样本中的相关指标。结果Morris水迷宫实验及相关检测指标结果显示,与空白组比较,模型组小鼠在定位航行实验的逃避潜伏期明显延长(P<0.01),在空间探索实验的目标象限游泳时间显著减少(P<0.01),穿越平台的次数显著减少(P<0.05),SOD活性降低(P<0.01)和MDA含量升高(P<0.01),脑皮质和海马区的AChE活性显著增加(P<0.01);与模型组比较,正丁醇层能显著缩短定位航行实验中小鼠的逃避潜伏期(P<0.01),明显延长空间探索实验中小鼠在目标象限的游泳时间(P<0.05),显著增加小鼠穿越平台的次数(P<0.05);提高血清中SOD活性(P<0.05),降低MDA含量(P<0.01),降低前额皮质和海马区AChE活性(P<0.05,P<0.01)。通过HPLC-ELSD测定出知母正丁醇部位主要化合物为知母皂苷BⅡ、知母皂苷BⅢ、知母皂苷Ⅰ、知母皂苷AⅡ。结论知母正丁醇层能明显改善氢溴酸东莨菪碱致痴呆模型小鼠的学习记忆能力,为知母抗老年痴呆的主要有效部位,其机制可能与抗氧化,抑制AChE活性有关。objective To screen the effective fraction from Anemarrhenae Rhizoma on improving the learning and memory abilitiy in mice models with scopolamine-induced Alzheimer disease(AD);To observe the effects of the effective fraction from Anemarrhenae Rhizoma on the activities of SOD,the content of MDA in serum and the activities of AChE in hippocampus and frontal cerebral cortex in scopolamine-induced mice;To investigate its mechanism for prevention and treatment for AD.Methods Totally 96 male Kunming mice were randomly divided into eight groups:petroleum ether layer group,ethyl acetate layer group,n-butanol layer group,water layer group,total extract group,piracetam group,model group,control group.The control and model group were given distilled water for gavage,and the other groups were given the corresponding medicine for gavage,once a day,for 21 days.The morris water maze test was used to evaluate the learning and memory ability of each group for six consecutive days(16-21).The model mice of memory impairment induced by intraperitoneal injection of scopolamine was established 30 minutes before the behavioral test.After the test,all the mice were sacrificed to obtain the serum,hippocampus and frontal cerebral cortex for relevant assay.Results The results of Morris water maze test and relevant assay showed that compared with the control group,the escape latency of the model group obviously increased in the orientation navigation experiment(P<0.01),the movement time obviously shortened in plateform quadrant test,the times of crossing the platform obviously decreased in the space exploration experiment(P<0.01,P<0.05),decreased the activities of SOD(P<0.01),incresed the content of MDA in serum(P<0.01),and increased the activities of AChE in hippocampus and frontal cerebral cortext(P<0.01,P<0.01);Compared with the model group,the escape latency of the n-butanol layer group obviously decreased in the orientation navigation experiment(P<0.01),the movement time obviously increased in plateform quadrant test,the times of cros

关 键 词：知母 老年痴呆 有效部位 学习记忆 

分 类 号：R285.5[医药卫生—中药学]