韩国土地征收法制——以营农损失补偿制度为中心  

Land Expropriation Legal Institution in South Korea——Focusing on Farmers’ Compensation System for Rural Losses

作　　者：全姬 Quan Ji

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学法学院

出　　处：《盛京法律评论》2019年第2期-,共22页Shengjing Law Review

摘　　要：中韩两国土地制度存在一定趋同性,即均面临人多地少、土地资源匮乏的现实问题。本文系统介绍了韩国土地征收制度,并在此背景下分析营农损失补偿制度。营农损失补偿制度是一种生活补偿制度,但不同于土地及地上附着物的补偿。损失补偿的间接损失或逸失损失①也可作为现代意义上的财产权,韩国在《宪法》第23条明确规定了正当补偿的内容。但是,相比一般损失补偿制度,营农补偿制度呈现较强的社会拘束性以及相对宽泛的立法裁量空间。因此有必要明确营农补偿制度的法律性质及其具体基准。我国在2019年8月26日第十三届全国人大常委会第十二次会议通过了修改《土地管理法》的决定,在原补偿基础上增加农村村民的住宅补偿和社会保障费。在完善和发展生活补偿的相关法律制度方面,韩国的经验在比较研究上具有借鉴意义。Although China and Korea have different social system and land system,both countries are facing land problem in the process of modernized city construction.This paper is mainly to introduce the land expropriation system in Korea systematically,and analyze the farming loss compensation based on land expropriation system deeply.As a kind of livelihood compensation comes from expropriation compensation,farming loss compensation is a concept that is distinct from the existing compensation for land and ground attachment.The contents of justified compensation are required by the Article 23 of Constitution of Korea clearly.However,compared with the general loss compensation,because of the degree and content of compensation,farming compensation has stronger social restriction and legislative discretion.Therefore,it is necessary to clarify the legal personality of farming loss compensation and establish more specific standards for loss compensation.Land Management Law of Korea also provides the compensation regulation for the crops that not be harvested.As a comparative study,the experience of Korea is significant in supplementing and developing relevant contents of livelihood compensation and needs to be explored continuously.

关 键 词：韩国土地征收 农地保护 营农损失补偿 生活补偿 

分 类 号：D931.26[政治法律—法学] DD912.3