《民法典》视域下意定监护启动条件研究  

Research on the Starting Conditions of Voluntary Guardianship from the Perspective of Civil Code

作　　者：周素英 林俐 Zhou Suying;Lin Li(Yango University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350015;Beijing Zhong Yin(Fu Zhou)Law Firm,Fuzhou,Fujian 350004)

机构地区：[1]阳光学院 [2]北京中银(福州)律师事务所,福建福州350000

出　　处：《绥化学院学报》2023年第8期29-32,共4页Journal of Suihua University

基　　金：福建省中青年教育科研项目“老龄化社会下意定监护启动规则研究”(JAS21435)

摘　　要：意定监护制度作为应对老龄化社会重要法律举措,在实践中已成为成年人特别是老年人安排晚年生活的制度选择。意定监护启动作为意定监护制度关键环节,《民法典》第33条规定以丧失或部分丧失民事行为能力作为启动条件,但实务中该启动条件判断标准不一,也与意定监护制度理念相悖,修改启动条件成为必然趋势。文章探究行为能力与意思能力关系,探讨监督对意定监护启动的重要性,结合我国实际情况,提出以意思能力丧失取代民事行为能力丧失作为新的判断标准,同时增加确定意定监督人作为意定监护启动条件。As an important legal measure to respond to the aging society,voluntary guardianship has become an institutional choice for adults,especially old people,to arrange their life in later years in practice.The starting of voluntary guardianship is a key link of the voluntary guardianship system.According to Article 33 of the Civil Code,the loss or partial loss of capacity for civil conduct is the starting condition.However,in practice,the judgment standards of the starting conditions are different,and they are contrary to the concept of the voluntary guardianship system.Therefore,changing the starting conditions is an inevitable trend.This paper explores the relationship between capacity for act and capacity of will,discusses the importance of supervision in starting of voluntary guardianship,proposes to replace the loss of capacity for civil conduct with the loss of capacity of will and use it as the new judgment standard combined with the actual conditions of China,and adds the definite supervisor of voluntary guardianship as the starting condition of voluntary guardianship.

关 键 词：意定监护 意定监护启动条件 意识能力 意定监护监督人 

分 类 号：D923[政治法律—民商法学]