明清家族庙宇的运行、纠纷与家族组织——以闽北邵武地区为例  

Operation and Disputes of Familial Temples and the Changes in Lineage Organizations during the Ming and Qing Dynasties:A Case Study of Shaowu Area in Northern Fujian Province

作　　者：李军[1] Li Jun

机构地区：[1]西南大学乡村振兴战略研究院(中国乡村建设学院)

出　　处：《中国社会历史评论》2023年第2期185-202,311-312,共20页Chinese Social History Review

基　　金：西南大学人文社科基金后期资助项目“宋明以来闽西北地区的大众信仰与社会”(项目号SWU1909008);西南大学乡村振兴先导项目“百年乡村建设历史资料收集、整理与研究”的阶段性成果

摘　　要：唐宋以来,闽北乡间存在着众多具有族产属性的家族庙宇,与家族组织存在着密切和复杂的关系。施主与住持人通过订立规约,明确双方的职责与权利。施主承担捐施资产、代缴课赋以及不得借势欺压的责任;住持人也需遵规护庙,向施主备办饮福和提供礼仪服务。为争夺庙宇支配权,家族间及僧俗间常起纷争,有的甚至成为扩大家族结合的契机。全族“有份”的庙宇,有助于促进家族内部的维系与整合,而房支所有的庙宇,则有利于该支系族众的结合,但对于家族而言,则加剧了房支的离散与分化倾向。Since the Tang and the Song dynasties,there have been numerous familial temples which feature in being a part of the family property in northern Fujian villages.They have close and complex relationships with lineage organization.The benefactor and the abbot had established a contract to clarify the responsibilities and rights of both parties.The donor bore the responsibiity of donating assets,paying taxes,and not oppressing monks.The abbots were also responsible for the maintenance of the temple,and providing appreciation feasts and ceremonial services to the donor.In order to compete for control of the temple,disputes often arose between families and monks,which also become an opportunity to expand the family union.The temple that the whole clan“shares”helped to promote the maintenance and integration within the clan.However,the temples owned by family branches which are conducive to the combination of members of the branch intensify the tendency of separation and differentiation of the branch from the whole clan.

关 键 词：明清 闽北 家族庙宇 家族组织 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学] D691[历史地理—中国史]