大运河露筋女信仰的形成与流变  

The Formation and Evolution of the Lu Jin Woman Belief in the Grand Canal

作　　者：王旭 Wang Xu

机构地区：[1]扬州大学社会发展学院

出　　处：《中国社会历史评论》2022年第1期73-84,297-298,共14页Chinese Social History Review

基　　金：2017年江苏省社科基金系列专项重点项目“历史时期大运河沿线市镇的变迁及个性化发展模式研究”(项目编号:17DDA011);扬州大学中国大运河研究院2018年度开放课题“京杭大运河非物质文化遗产的深掘”(项目编号:18DYH004)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：大运河露筋女信仰由地方传说演化而成。露筋传说最初的对象是一只鹿,唐代时演变为醉汉,这种转变是这一时期江淮地区生态环境发生变化,鹿的生存空间被人为侵夺的文化表象。北宋初年,醉汉演变成孝女。北宋中期,当地士人王令始将露筋女与贞节观念联系起来,但影响不大。真正塑造起露筋女贞节烈女形象的是书法家米芾,很多文人士子通过临摹学习其《露筋之碑》而熟知露筋故事。到了南宋,露筋贞女的形象已被广泛接受,并被宣扬成女性道德的典范。明清时期,露筋女由人成神,并被赋予了护漕保运,护佑商旅,保护当地居民的职能,这与黄河夺淮之水“合五为一”导致淮扬运河水环境的变化有关。随着国家对漕运事业的重视及来往商贩、客旅和当地居民的现实需求,露筋女的地位迅速得到提升,表现在修缮祠庙,钦赐庙额,敕加封号,添名加姓,加强与其他全国性女性神灵的联系等方面。The belief of Lu Jin woman in the Grand Canal evolved from local legends.The original object of the Lu Jin woman legend is a deer,which evolved into a drunken man in the Tang Dynasty.This transformation is the Changes in ecological environment and cultural apperance of the existence space of deer between the Yangtze River and Huaihe River being plundered during this period.In the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty,drunken man becomes a filiaI daughter.In the middle years of the Song Dynasty,the local scholar,Wang Ling firstly linked Lu Jin woman with the concept of chastity,but it doesn’t have a huge image.It is Mi Fu that really has crucial impact on the image building of Lu Jin’s"Chastity woman".The reason why many scholar knew the story of Lu Jin woman is that they copy and learn his’Lu Jin Tablet’.In the Southern Song Dynasty,Lu Jin’s image of Virgin daughter had been accepted widely and promoted as a model of women’s morality.In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,Lu Jin woman evolved from man to god and was given with responsibility of protecting water supply and transportation,business and travel,and people,which is linked with the change of water environment of Huaiyang Canal caused by the capture of Huaihe River by the Yellow River.Along with the emphasis of the country on the water transport industry and the realistic needs of ships,vendors and local people,the status of Lu Jin woman promoted,which is reflected in the renovation of ancestral temples,the number of imperial temples,the addiction of titles and names and names and so on.

关 键 词：露筋女 大运河 《露筋之碑》 民间传说 民间信仰 

分 类 号：B933[哲学宗教—宗教学]