2008年金融危机以来意大利工会的复兴及面临的挑战  

The Revitalization and Challenges of Italian Trade Unions after the 2008 Financial Crisis

作　　者：张莉[1] ZHANG Li

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院马克思主义研究院,北京100732

出　　处：《国外社会科学前沿》2020年第6期46-57,95,共13页JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL SCIENCES

摘　　要：工会是劳动(雇佣)关系中最活跃的集体力量。随着经济全球化的进程与新自由主义的盛行,西方传统市场经济国家中的工会力量逐渐减弱,集体谈判的影响力骤降。然而,在2008年的金融危机期间,意大利工会并没有受到重创,逐步探索了一条重新振兴之路,成为经济政治生活中重要的参与者,并重新确立了全国性行业层面在劳资关系中的核心地位。目前,意大利工会复兴之路依然面临着非常严重的挑战和危机,如劳动力市场改革对工会利益代表广泛性的削弱、工会双重代表制的危机、中左翼政党新自由主义化与工会联盟的破裂等。意大利工会的复兴之路漫长且困难重重。Trade union is the most active collective force in employment relations.With the process of economic globalization and the prevalence of neoliberalism,the trade union power in the traditional western countries of market economy has gradually weakened,and the impact of collective bargaining has declined sharply.During the severe financial crisis since 2008,Italian trade unions have not been seriously damaged.They are exploring a way to revitalize themselves,hoping to regain the influence of trade unions in labor relations,become an important participant in economic and political life and re-establish the core status in employment relations at the national industry level.However,the revival of Italian trade unions is still faced with serious challenges and crises,such as the weakened extensiveness of interest representation of trade union by the labor market reform,the crisis of dual representation mechanism of trade unions,the neoliberalism of left-wing parties and the breakdown of alliance with trade union.

关 键 词：意大利工会 集体谈判 劳资关系 社会对话 代表性危机 

分 类 号：D754.6[政治法律—政治学]