我国社会工作建设和发展过程中的政策工具选择——基于142份中央层面政策文本的分析  

Policy Tool Selection in the Construction and Development of Social Work in China:An Analysis Based on 142 Centrallevel Policy Texts

作　　者：吴娟 

机构地区：[1]南开大学社会学院

出　　处：《社会福利》2023年第11期17-26,共10页Social Welfare

摘　　要：为研究我国在社会工作建设和发展过程中的政策工具选择,建立了基于“环境型—供给型—需求型”政策工具理论的分析框架并采用Nvivo12 Plus软件对我国中央党政部门网站上发布的与“社会工作”有关的有效政策文本进行分析。研究结果显示,需求型政策工具、环境型政策工具、供给型政策工具的使用频率分布大致为2∶3∶5,说明我国在促进社会工作发展中,对需求型、环境型、供给型政策工具的使用偏好依次增强。据此文章提出两点建议:一是从整体上增加对需求型和环境型政策工具在社会工作政策体系中功能作用发挥的考量;二是结合不同阶段的政策目标从微观处斟酌具体政策工具的分配并进行适时调整。总之,需要立足社会工作政策体系全局,多角度综合考虑各类政策工具的选用,以全面推进我国社会工作的建设和发展,助力我国社会建设事业。To study the policy tool selection in the process of social work construction and development in China,we established an analytical framework based on the“environmental-type,supply-type,and demand-type”policy tool theory and employed Nvivo12 Plus software to analyze effective policy texts related to“social work”published on the websites of central party and government departments in China.The research results indicate that the frequency distribution of demand-type policy tools,environmental-type policy tools,and supply-type policy tools is roughly 2:3:5.This suggests that in promoting the development of social work,China’s preference for the use of demand-type,environmental-type,and supply-type policy tools is sequentially strengthening.Based on this,the article proposes two suggestions:first,to overall increase consideration of the functional roles of demand-type and environmentaltype policy tools in the social work policy system;second,to adjust the allocation of specific policy tools from a micro perspective in line with policy objectives at different stages and make timely adjustments.In conclusion,it is necessary to base decisions on the overall framework of the social work policy system,comprehensively considering the selection of various policy tools from multiple perspectives.This will enable comprehensive advancement in the construction and development of social work in China,contributing to the country’s social development endeavors.

关 键 词：社会工作 政策工具 环境型 需求型 供给型 

分 类 号：C916[经济管理]