人口过疏化、公共服务均等化与社会公正——浙江省农村养老服务的调查思考  

Depopulation, Equalization of Public Service and Social Justice:A Case Study on the Rural Elderly Care Service in Zhejiang Province

作　　者：方巍 

机构地区：[1]浙江省舆情研究中心 [2]浙江工业大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《社会福利》2021年第11期45-51,共7页Social Welfare

摘　　要：随着工业化和人口向城市转移,农村留守老年人比例上升。人口过疏化现象导致人力资源匮乏和居住分散,养老服务面临极大的挑战。与此同时,21世纪以来,中央在制度层面加强农村公共服务均等化建设,不论是官方层面的体系建设还是民间乡情基础上的互助与自治行为,都令农村养老服务迥异于国外过疏化研究所描绘的结果。但是,农村养老服务发展也存在着不能满足既无法享受兜底性保障又无力承受市场性收费的"夹心层"老人的普遍现象,需要从社会公正的原则出发,发挥政府和民间非营利性慈善组织和个人的协同作用,满足困难群体老人基本养老服务的需要。With industrialization and population transfer to cities,the proportion of left behind elderly in rural areas has increased.The phenomenon of depopulation leads to the lack of human resources and the dispersion of housing,and the elderly care service is facing great challenges.At the same time,since the beginning of this century,the central government has strengthened the equalization of rural public services at the institutional level.Whether it is the system construction at the official level or the mutual aid and selfgovernment behavior on the basis of folk feelings,the rural elderly care services are quite different from the results described by the research of depopulation aboard.However,there is a common phenomenon that the development of rural elderly care service can not meet the needs of the“sandwich layer”old people who can neither enjoy the social assistance nor bear the market charges.It is necessary to proceed from the principle of social justice,to give play to the synergy of the government and non-governmental charitable non-profit organizations and individuals to meet the basic needs of elderly care services for the vulnerable groups of the elderly.

关 键 词：农村养老服务 过疏化 公共服务均等化 社会公正 

分 类 号：C924.24[社会学—人口学] F323.89