儿童照顾背景下的城镇已婚女性职业中断浅析  

Occupational Disruption of Urban Married Women in the Context of Child-rearing

作　　者：刘蓝惠 周蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《社会福利》2021年第6期21-29,共9页Social Welfare

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“子女抚育与城镇夫妻劳动配置研究:福利挤压的视角”(批准号:71974799);2019年南京农业大学中央高校基本科研业务费SKYC2019001;2019年度江苏省高校哲学社会学研究一般项目2019SJA0041,项目负责人:周蕾

摘　　要：基于2019年江苏省南京市的城镇已婚女性调查数据,分析了女性的职业中断与家庭儿童照顾特征,采用Probit模型和OLS方法探讨了儿童照顾对现阶段及长期女性职业中断的影响,通过PSM方法分析了内生性问题。结果表明,四成以上女性发生过职业中断,且中断发生增加了职业流动。男性虽然承担了部分儿童照料责任,但照料强度远低于女性。未成年子女数量的增多会提高女性工作中断的概率,而工作时间的灵活性和家庭的支持会减弱幼年子女照顾给女性职业带来的影响。从长期来看,单位给员工提供幼托服务支持会降低女性发生职业中断的可能性。这意味着,完善家庭照料体系,发挥用人单位及社区的力量有助于维持女性就业的连续性与稳定性。The article uses the urban women’s survey data in Nanjing,Jiangsu Province in 2019 to analyze occupational interruptions in women’s career development and characteristics of child-rearing in different families.Probit model and robust OLS regression are used to explore the impact of childcare on women’s career interruption at this stage and in the long term,and the propensity score matching method are used to test for endogenous problems.The results show that more than 40%of women have had career interruptions,and the occurrence of career interruptions has increased women’s career mobility.Although men share some responsibilities in child care for the family,the care provided by men is far less intense than that of women.Increasing childcare intensity,that is,increasing the number of children,increases the chances of women interrupting work.But the flexibility of work time and the support of the family can reduce the impact of children on women’s careers.In the long run,providing childcare service support to employees will reduce the possibility of women’s career interruption.This means that improving the family care system and using the power of employers and the community can help to maintain the continuity and stability of women’s employment.

关 键 词：儿童照顾 城镇女性 职业中断 

分 类 号：C913.2[经济管理] C913.68[社会学]