山东省济南市RhD阴性无偿献血者表型分布调查及不规则抗体筛查的临床意义  

Clinical significance of Rh phenotype distribution and irregular antibody screening in RhD negative blood donors in Jinan of Shandong Province

作　　者：周娜 潘英芳 邵静茹 李京[1] 宋永红[1] 徐群[1] 吕红娟[1] ZHOU Na;PAN Yingfang;SHAO Jingru;LI Jing;SONG Yonghong;XU Qun;LYU Hongjuan(Blood Group Reference Laboratory,Shandong Blood Center,Jinan 250014,Shandong,China;Cheeloo College of Medicine,Shandong University,Jinan 250012,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省血液中心血型参比研究室,山东济南250014 [2]山东大学齐鲁医学院,山东济南250012

出　　处：《山东大学学报（医学版）》2022年第7期98-103,117,共7页Journal of Shandong University:Health Sciences

基　　金：山东省血液中心站内课题(2020ky05);山东省医药卫生科技发展项目(2019WS543,2019WS539,202011000741)

摘　　要：目的调查统计山东省济南市RhD阴性无偿献血者的Rh表型分布及不规则抗体筛查情况,为促进合理采集、供应RhD阴性稀有血液提供数据支持。方法收集山东省血液中心2020年7月至2021年6月期间初筛为RhD阴性的血液样本,进行不规则抗体筛查及Rh表型确认。结果877例初筛为RhD阴性的无偿献血者中,确认D变异型55例,RhD阴性822例;RhD阴性献血者检出抗筛阳性6例,占比0.73%;检出的抗体包括4例抗D抗体,1例抗M抗体,1例抗Le^(a)抗体;RhD阴性献血者中女性抗筛阳性率远高于男性。结论本地区RhD阴性献血者中女性抗筛阳性率远高于男性,抗体产生的原因多为妊娠和天然因素;RhD阴性稀有血型献血者进行Rh抗原表型检测和不规则抗体筛查,对于临床安全输血工作意义重大,有助于RhD阴性血液的科学合理采集。Objective To investigate the phenotype distribution and irregular antibody screening of RhD negative blood donors in Jinan,Shandong Province,so as to provide data support for rational collection and supply of RhD negative blood.Methods Blood samples of RhD negative blood donors were collected from Shandong Blood Center from July 2020 to June 2021 and then irregular antibody screening and Rh phenotype confirmation were conducted.Results Among the 877 RhD negative blood donors who were initially confirmed,55 cases were RhD variants blood donors,and 822 were confirmed RhD negative blood donors by three kind of anti-D reagents,6(0.730%)of which were irregular antibody positive.Antibodies detected included 4 anti-D antibodies,1 anti-M antibody and 1 anti-Le^(a)antibody.Positive rate of irregular antibody was much higher in female RhD negative blood donors than that in male.Conclusion Positive rate of irregular antibody in female RhD negative blood donors is much higher than that in male and the causes of antibody production are mostly natural and immune antibodies by pregnancy.Rh antigen phenotype detection and screening of irregular antibody for RhD negative blood donors are helpful for scientific and rational collection of RhD negative blood,which is of great significance for the clinical safety of blood transfusion.

关 键 词：RHD阴性 Rh表型 不规则抗体 无偿献血者 稀有血型库 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]