不同介质条件下航空液冷泵空化特性的数值模拟及实验研究  

Numerical and experimental investigations on hydraulic performance and cavitation characteristics of aviation liquid-cooled pump using different media condition

作　　者：李志 张德胜[1] 赵睿杰 王飞 Zhi Li;De-sheng Zhang;Rui-jie Zhao;Fei Wang(Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学流体机械工程技术研究中心,镇江212013

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》2022年第1期56-65,共10页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51776087);江苏省杰出青年基金(BK20211547);2021年度江苏省高校优秀科技创新团队项目(SKJ(2021)-1);航空科学基金(201728R3001)。

摘　　要：该文针对某型号航空液冷泵设计参数和要求,采用加大流量设计法设计了两套水力模型(圆柱叶片叶轮和长短叶片复合叶轮),并进行了内部流动数值模拟和空化可视化试验验证。研究结果表明,通过减少长叶片数、增加短叶片的复合叶轮与常规的圆柱叶片叶轮扬程流量系数变化规律基本一致,额定流量工况下,扬程相近。当空化数σ=0.05后,圆柱叶片叶轮的扬程下降程度大于长短叶片复合叶轮,且长短叶片复合叶轮中空泡分布体积明显小于圆柱叶片叶轮。数值研究了不同介质对研究航空液冷泵内流及空化的影响,结果发现,额定工况下圆柱叶片叶轮整体速度和流线分布较长短叶片复合叶轮均匀;两种模型在0.7 Q_(d)工况下,叶片后缘处不同介质的V_(a)值变化规律相差较大;在不同进口压力下,介质为丙二醇时叶轮内空泡面积小于乙二醇且长短叶片复合叶轮内空泡面积小于圆柱叶片叶轮。该文研究对航空液冷泵空化控制提供了一定研究基础和参考价值。According to the design parameters and requirements of a certain type of aviation liquid-cooled pump,two sets of hydraulic models(cylindrical blade impeller,splitter impeller with long and short blade)are designed by the increased flow design method,and the internal flow numerical simulation and cavitation visual experiment verification are carried out.The results show that,by reducing the number of long blades and increasing the number of short blades,the change rule of the head and discharge coefficient of the splitter impeller is basically the same as that of the conventional cylindrical blade impeller.Under rated flow conditions,the heads are similar.When the cavitation numberσ=0.05,the head drop of the cylindrical blade impeller is larger than that of the splitter impeller with long and short blade,and the volume of cavitation distribution in the splitter impeller with long and short blade is significantly smaller than that of the cylindrical blade impeller.Meanwhile,the effects of different media on the internal flow and cavitation of the aviation liquid-cooled pump are simulation studied.The results show that the whole velocity and streamline distribution of the cylindrical blade impeller is more uniform under rated conditions.Under the 0.7 Q_(d)working condition of the two models,the V_(a)values of different media at the trailing edge of the blade are quite different.Under different inlet pressures,when propylene glycol is the medium,the cavity area in the impeller is smaller than that of ethylene glycol,and the cavity area in the splitter impeller with long and short blades is smaller than that of the cylindrical blade impeller.The research provides foundation and reference value for aviation liquid-cooled pump cavitation control.

关 键 词：航空液冷泵 复合叶轮 空化 乙二醇 丙二醇 

分 类 号：V233[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]