政府数据授权运营治理的法律完善  

Legal Perfection of Government Data Authorization Operation Governance

作　　者：吴亮[1] WU Liang(Law School,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学法学院,上海200237

出　　处：《法学论坛》2023年第1期111-121,共11页Legal Forum

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学一般项目《信用监管的行政法规制研究》(2020BFX001);上海市浦江人才计划项目《公共数据开放的行政法问题研究》(21PJC027)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：政府数据授权运营作为新型政府数据开放方式,具有“政府数据的权属分层”;“通过政府数据的商业利用实现公、私利益的共同增值”;“运用政府特许经营、国有资产使用合同等方式”的特征,呈现出高速发展与广泛应用的态势。我国在政府数据授权运营治理方面的政策立场与法律框架逐步成型。政府数据授权运营具备“基于特别用物的行政许可”与“基于公共用物的行政给付”两种不同理念,其治理逻辑应当以国家担保责任理论为指导,实现两种理念的平衡,区别基于商业利用导向的政府数据授权运营与基于公共服务导向的其他政府数据开放,防范政府数据过度资产化引起的社会公益风险,并且遵循“授权范围划定的预警原则”“授权运营过程的辅助性原则”“授权运营收费的利益平衡原则”。As a new mode of Open Government Data,the Government Data Authorization Operation,which has such characters as"hierarchical ownership of government data";"Realize the common value-increasing of public and private interests through the commercial use of government data";"using government franchise,state-owned assets use contract and other methods",has shown a trend of rapid development and wide application.The policy stance and legal framework of PRA on government data authorization operation are gradually taking shape.The government data authorization operation has two different concepts which include"administrative license based on special use items"and"administrative payment based on public use items".The governance logic should be guided by the theory of state guarantee responsibility,achieve a balance between the two concepts,distinguish between the government data authorization operation based on commercial use orientation and other government data opening based on public service orientation,and prevent social public welfare risks caused by excessive capitalization of government data.In addition,the Government Data Authorization Operation should abide by the"early warning principle for the delimitation of the scope of authorization";"Auxiliary principle of authorized operation process";"Interest balance principle of authorized operation charge".

关 键 词：政府数据授权运营 政府数据开放 行政给付 行政许可 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学] D922.16[政治法律—法学]