莫高窟第465窟曼荼罗八大尸陀林图像志  

An Iconography Study ofŚītavana in Mogao Cave 465

作　　者：李国[1] 沙武田[2] 王海彬 Li Guo;Sha Wutian;Wang Haibin(Dunhuagn Research Academy;Shaanxi Normal University)

机构地区：[1]敦煌研究院 [2]陕西师范大学

出　　处：《丝绸之路研究集刊》2023年第1期341-382,589,共43页Journal of the Silk Road Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目“敦煌石窟文献释录与图文互证研究”(21&ZD218);国家社科基金冷门绝学团队项目“敦煌壁画外来图像文明属性研究”(20VJXT014)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：八大尸林作为弃尸的场所,是人类肉身由凡界死亡以后,往生净土的必经之路。八大尸林亦为修行不净观的最佳地点,也是寻求生命真谛的修施身法者所必处之地。《佛本行集经》曰:“彼处尸陀林者,四辈共同,无有简选。平等施身,福德之地。”^(①)藏传佛教强调修持“尸林怙主”法,能增加财富,添福增寿,消灾免难,死后得顺利转生,修佛者获得成佛顺缘,护持成就道果。《佛说众许摩诃帝经》卷第六亦云:“尔时菩萨往尸陀林中,右胁枕尸累足而卧。思想世间有为生灭,如蚁循环无有穷尽,思已复坐入三摩地。”^(②)据说释迦牟尼在悟道成佛之前,就曾于尸林中苦修。The Mogao 465 cave is a Buddhism cave which showed Tibetan Tantra.it is also one of the most important caves which academia focused on.The Tibetan Tantra murals in the cave is earliest and most perfect Tibetan style temple mural except the Tibetan area,previous studies about this topic are very plentiful.But the complete genre and rich content of the images Śītavana on the west,south and north walls of the main chamber,however,have received very little attention for a long time.Because of the early age of the Śītavana images of Cave 465,comprehensive content,rich plot,we ll preserved,is the study of Tibetan Buddhist art of the most complete,the most valuable,and rare heritage remains,there is no special introductory material in the academic community,and there is no special article for the study of the Śītavana images of this cave.Accordingly,we combined the descriptions in Rgyud sde kun btus,presents them in the form of a pictorial history for the academic community,which may provide a reference for thinking about the motives for the construction of Cave 465 and its religious ideology and function.

关 键 词：《佛本行集经》 往生净土 三摩地 不净观 成佛 曼荼罗 图像志 生命真谛 

分 类 号：K879.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]