吐鲁番军事文书所见“陪番人”“陪人”“队陪”试释  

The Research of“Beifanren”“Beiren”“Duibei”Seen form a Turpan Military Instruments

作　　者：黄楼[1] Huang Lou(School of History,Wuhan University)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学历史学院

出　　处：《丝绸之路研究集刊》2022年第1期269-279,493,共12页Journal of the Silk Road Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目“吐鲁番出土文书再整理与研究”(17ZDA183)阶段性成果

摘　　要：唐前期推行的府兵制是一种比较严整的军事制度。府兵平时番上宿卫,战时组成行军远征。在实际运作过程中,除普通身份的府兵外,还有少量比较特殊的群体。例如,吐鲁番军事文书中出现有“陪番人”“陪人”“队陪”,此三词同为府兵制下的专有名词,从构词角度看,似有密切的内在联系。“Beifan”is the only word that ancient document has.Beifan(陪番)is Beifan(倍番)which means the people who don't serve corvee.The assignment they have to do is twice as much as before.The early Tang document found in turpan military instruments has the title signifying identity,such as“Beifanren”“Beiren”and“Duibei”.“Beifan”is the people who has be punished and be organized separate.“Beiren”and“Beifanren”are very similar,they both mean the people has to be punish for some reason to serve double sorvee.Unlike the normal soldiers,“Beiren”can rent horse to pay the“Shituo”.“Duibei”is the“Beiren”.According to the unearthed document,“Duibei”is the half of the fixed quantity.If the number of“Duiben”equal to the fixed quantity of the troop,the task will be twice as much as normal soldier.So the“Bei”(倍)means the task not the time twofold in practice.Be on actice service,beside the requisition and signed up for duty voluntarily,there has the people who are punished.The document relate to“Beiren”is limited,so the research on this problem has high value.

关 键 词：府兵制 军事文书 实际运作过程 专有名词 吐鲁番 唐前期 宿卫 战时 

分 类 号：K242[历史地理—历史学] E291[历史地理—中国史]