RNA m^6A甲基化修饰调控干细胞自我更新和神经分化  

Regulation of RNA 6-methyladenosine on stem cell self-renew and neural differentiation

作　　者：奚佳捷 康九红[1] XI Jiajie;KANG Jiuhong(Tongji University School of Life Sciences and Technology,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学生命科学与技术学院,上海200092

出　　处：《神经病学与神经康复学杂志》2020年第1期19-27,共9页Journal of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation

摘　　要：RNA分子上存在100余种化学修饰,其中6-甲基腺嘌呤(6-methyladenosine,m^6A)是真核生物mRNA中丰度最高的修饰,也是当前表观遗传学研究的热点。近年来,随着检测技术的发展以及RNA修饰相关表观转录组学的兴起,越来越多的研究发现m^6A修饰及其改变在多种生理和病理等生物学过程中发挥了重要的调控作用。本文系统介绍了m^6A甲基化转移酶、去甲基化酶和甲基化结合蛋白的功能,概括了m^6A修饰的生物学功能,以及m^6A修饰在干细胞自我更新和神经分化中的作用。There are more than 100 modifications have been found in RNA molecule,among which 6-methyladenine(m^6A)is the most prevalent post-transcriptional RNA modification in eukaryotes,and it is also the hotspot of epigenetic research.With the development of detection technology and the rise of RNA epigenetics,the recent discoveries have suggested the regulatory functions of m^6A modification in a variety of physiological and pathological biological processes.This review summarizes the functions of m^6A methyltransferase,demethylase and regulatory proteins,highlights the recent progress in the biological functions of m^6A modification,and the role of m^6A modification in stem cell self-renewal and neural differentiation.

关 键 词：RNA甲基化 6-甲基腺嘌呤 干细胞 自我更新 神经分化 

分 类 号：R329.2[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]