某中医院972例过敏原检测结果分析  

Analysis of allergen detection results of 972 cases in a Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital

作　　者：蔡栋昊 李蔼文[1] 卢晓霞 谭俊青[1] 段朝晖[2] CAI Dong-hao;LI Ai-wen;LU Xiao-xia;TAN Jun-qing;DUAN Chao-hui(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510095,China;Department of Clinical Laboratory,Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510120,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省第二中医院检验科,广东广州510095 [2]中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院检验科,广东广州510120

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2022年第11期1533-1538,1546,1456,共8页Journal of Tropical Medicine

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(2020A1515011467);广东省中医药局科研项目(20232008)

摘　　要：目的了解就诊人群过敏原分布,为预防过敏性疾病发生提供依据。方法本研究纳入2021年7月至2022年7月于广东省第二中医院就诊并检测过敏原患者共972例,采用欧蒙吸入性及食物性过敏原特异性IgE抗体检测试剂盒检测常见19种过敏物。从不同性别、年龄、季节等方面,分析过敏原的分布特征。结果本院检测阳性率最高的过敏原分别为尘螨(45.37%)、蟹(9.26%)、鸡蛋白(7.51%)。其中,吸入性过敏原中占比前三的分别为尘螨(45.37%)、猫毛(4.63%)和蟑螂(3.29%);食物性过敏原中占比前三的分别为蟹(9.26%)、鸡蛋白(7.51%)、牛奶(3.91%)。不同年龄组之间过敏原阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),18岁以下人群过敏原阳性率最高,随着年龄的增长,阳性率逐渐降低。不同性别、季节之间过敏原阳性率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。年龄和季节是影响过敏反应强度的重要因素。婴幼儿和65岁老年人过敏反应强度通常较弱(1级和2级),7~<18岁儿童和少年出现较严重过敏反应(5级)概率较大。秋季发生较严重过敏反应(5级)概率较大。结论过敏原检测对于过敏性疾病预防控制具有重要意义,过敏患者在生活中应尽量避免接触相关过敏原。Objective To understand the allergen distribution of patients in our hospital,and provide evidence for the prevention of allergic diseases.MethodsA total of 972 patients in our hospital from July 2021 to July 2022 were enrolled for allergen detection.Nineteen common allergens were detected by EUROLINE inhalation and food allergen specific Ig E antibody detection kit.The distribution characteristics of allergens in different sex,age and season were analyzed.Results The allergens with the highest positive rate were dust mite(45.37%),crab(9.26%)and egg white(7.51%).Among them,the top three inhaled allergens were dust mite(45.37%),cat hair(4.63%)and cockroach(3.29%).The top three food allergens were crab(9.26%),egg white(7.51%)and milk(3.91%).There was statistical difference in the positive rate of allergens among different age groups(P<0.05),with the highest positive rate of allergens in people under 18 years old,and the positive rate gradually decreased with the increase of age.There was no significant difference in the positive rate of allergens between genders and seasons(P>0.05).Age and season were important factors affecting the intensity of anaphylaxis.Infants and the elderly aged 65 years old were usually weak in the intensity of anaphylaxis(grade 1 and 2),children and adolescents aged 7-<18 years were more likely to have severe anaphylaxis(grade 5).Severe allergic reactions(grade 5)were more likely to occur in autumn.ConclusionAllergen detection is of great significance for the prevention and control of allergic diseases,and allergic patients should avoid contacting with related allergens in their life.

关 键 词：过敏原 特异性IGE 抗体检测 

分 类 号：R593.1[医药卫生—内科学]