走出欧洲中心论:国外学术界关于二战起点的认识  

Getting out of Eurocentrism:Revisiting the Starting Point of the Second World War

作　　者：闫自兵 Yan Zibing

机构地区：[1]武汉大学历史学院 [2]新疆大学历史学院

出　　处：《全球史评论》2020年第2期-,共20页Global History Review

摘　　要：国外二战史研究长期受到欧洲中心论的影响。研究者往往视二战为另一场主要发生在欧洲的世界大战,以1939年德国入侵波兰作为二战的起点。直至20世纪60年代,这一局面才发生变化。一些研究者开始走出欧洲中心论,从全球史的视角来研究二战,发现二战有日本与德国两个战争策源地、亚洲与欧洲两个主要战场。部分研究者还因此对二战的起点提出了新的认识:或者以1937年七七事变作为二战的起点,或者以1931年"九一八"事变作为二战的起点。新世纪以来,越来越多的二战史研究者走出了欧洲中心论,认识到亚洲战场的重要性与中国抗战的重要意义,二战始于中国抗战日益成为国外学界颇具影响力的观点。In the Western and Russian-Soviet academic circles,researches on the Second World War had long been affected by Eurocentrism.Researchers in these countries always thought that the Second World War was just another world war with the main battlefield in Europe,and regarded German invasion of Poland in 1939 as the starting point of it.This condition lasted to the 1960 s.Until then,some researchers started to get out of Eurocentrism and did researches on the Second World War from the global view.As a result,they discovered that the Second World War had two hotbeds both in Japan and in Germany,and two main battlefields both in Asia and in Europe.And thus,some researchers put up new views on the starting point of the Second World War:some regarded the July 7 th Incident in 1937 as the starting point while some the September 18 th Incident in1931.Since the new century,more and more researchers on the Second World War have got out of Eurocentrism,and realized the importance of the Asian battlefield and the significance of Chinese people’s Anti-Japanese War.As a result,it’s gradually becoming an influential view in the Western and Russian Academic Circles that the Second World War started from China.

关 键 词：二战的起点 欧洲中心论 “三九”说 “三七”说 “三一”说 

分 类 号：K152[历史地理—历史学]